The Sound of Doctrine

Category: Eternal Purpose

Seek Jesus Christ
Scripture Reading

20 Now there were some Greeks among those who were going up to worship at the feast;
21 these then came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida of Galilee, and began to ask him, saying, “Sir, we wish to see Jesus.”
22 Philip came and told Andrew; Andrew and Philip came and told Jesus.
23 And Jesus answered them, saying, “The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified.
24 “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit.
25 “He who loves his life loses it, and he who hates his life in this world will keep it to life eternal. (John 12:20–25, LSB)

Introduction
The entire ministry of Jesus Christ can come down to the realities presented in this short dialogue.

From this interaction with these Greeks, Jesus Christ demonstrates to us the requirements, and results, of following Him into eternal life.

If I could leave us with one message, it would be this one.

So, let’s examine this together.

The Greeks

20 Now there were some Greeks among those who were going up to worship at the feast;
21 these then came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida of Galilee, and began to ask him, saying, “Sir, we wish to see Jesus.”

20 Ἦσαν δὲ Ἕλληνές τινες ἐκ τῶν ἀναβαινόντων ἵνα προσκυνήσωσιν ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ·
21 οὗτοι οὖν προσῆλθον Φιλίππῳ τῷ ἀπὸ Βηθσαϊδὰ τῆς Γαλι (John 12:20–21, UBS5)

Context
- History
  This was the folks from Macedonia and Achaia, who, coming in from the Alexandrian army, populated the known world.
  Their kingdom was spread as far as India and was known for its culture and new ideas.
- Culture
  Their culture was refined, orderly, and celebrated the arts.
  They were in now way righteous or right before God.
- Law
  
  The introduced ideas of law which complemented the Mosaic Law in jurisprudence.
  However, Greece never rose to the level of righteousness in the sense of the gods and God.
  As such, the Jews despised the Greeks and saw them as heathens and pagans…and rightfully so.
Therefore, these people coming into the Temple and wanting to participate in the worship of the Jews, puts them in a unique position.

They would be known as “proselytes.”

They would be people who want to worship the true God alongside the Jewish religion in the Temple.

“Bethsaida of Galilee…”

“The oldest historical references to Bethsaida are those found in the New Testament.”¹

“Apart from the New Testament our most abundant witness for first-century Bethsaida is that of Josephus.”²

“• It was a fishing village (בית ציידא) that was transformed by Herod Philip into a Greco-Roman polis named Julias.
• Philip increased the population and strengthened the fortifications of the city.
• Bethsaida contained both Gentile (Syrian) and Jewish populations (War 3:57; Jn 1:44). Among the latter were those who maintained a religiously observant lifestyle (cf. Acts 11:8).
• Accessible by boat (Mk 6:32), the city lay on the Sea of Galilee (Ant. 18:28).
• It was situated about 660 feet (200 m) from the Jordan River that coursed by it and emptied into the Sea of Galilee (Life 399).
• It was in lower Gaulanitis, opposite the higher hill country (War 2:168).
• The area nearby included a marshy plain (Life 403).”³

The city of Bethsaida is little known.

But, John’s reasoning that the Greeks came to Phillip because he was from Bethsaida of Galilee would indicate some kind of commonality with them that the others did not have.

However, Peter and Andrew were also from Bethsaida.

Did you notice who is NOT part of this event?

This other disciple is also from Bethsaida.⁴

Notice that these Greeks did not, and Philip did not, approach Peter.

Why not?

There is no way to know.

My guess is, though, that Peter was busy in some way with being with Christ, or was simply not approachable.

But, it is significant to me that they approached these two men, and one was the brother of the more prominent disciple, Peter.

The Disciples

**22 **Philip came and told Andrew; Andrew and Philip came and told Jesus.

The approach demonstrated the difference between being free to approach Christ, or not.

The Greeks did not approach Christ on their own.

Rather, they approached His disciples, the one who might be more approachable culturally and geographically.

These Greeks were there to attend the feast and worship, which also shows their humility and genuine lack of ill-motive.

Both Andrew and Philip are from the city of Bethsaida, the house of fish.

The Messiah

23 And Jesus answered them, saying, “The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified.
24 “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit.
25 “He who loves his life loses it, and he who hates his life in this world will keep it to life eternal.
26 “If anyone serves Me, he must follow Me; and where I am, there My servant will be also; if anyone serves Me, the Father will honor him. (John 12:20–26, LSB)

Most significant portion of this passage.

Here, Jesus responds to the request of the Greeks with what appears to be an unrelated statement.

The Greeks said that they wanted to “see” Jesus.

That could mean that they wanted to simply meet Him superficially.

But, it could also mean that they wanted to ask for something.

If we reconstruct what is happening around the Lord as this time, and what the Lord is doing as well, we can see a little more of what this small group of Greeks may have wanted.

The Crowd

Jesus had raised Lazarus, His friend, from the dead.

11:1 Now a certain man was sick, Lazarus from Bethany, •the village of Mary and her sister Martha. (John 11:1, LSB)

So when He heard that he was sick, He •then stayed two days in the place where He was. (John 11:6, LSB)

7 Then after this He said to the disciples, “Let us go to Judea again.”
8 The disciples said to Him, “Rabbi, the Jews were just now seeking to stone You, and are You going there again?”
9 Jesus answered, “Are there not twelve hours in the day? If anyone walks in the day, he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world.
10 “But if anyone walks in the night, he stumbles, because the light is not in him.”
11 He said these things, and after that He said to them, “Our friend Lazarus has fallen asleep; but I go, so that I may awaken him.” (John 11:7–11, LSB)

17 So when Jesus came, He found that he had already been in the tomb four days.
18 Now Bethany was near Jerusalem, about fifteen stadia away;
19 and many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary, to console them about their brother. (John 11:17–19, LSB)

28 And when she had said this, she went away and called Mary her sister, saying secretly, “The Teacher is here and is calling for you.”
29 And when she heard it, she got up quickly and was coming to Him.
30 Now Jesus had not yet come into the village, but was still in the place where Martha met Him.
31 Then the Jews—who were with her in the house and consoling her—when they saw that Mary rose up quickly and went out, they followed her, thinking that she was going to the tomb to cry there.
32 Therefore, when Mary came where Jesus was, she saw Him, and fell at His feet, saying to Him, “Lord, if You had been here, my brother would not have died.”
33 When Jesus therefore saw her crying, and the Jews who came with her also crying, He was deeply moved in spirit and was troubled,
34 and said, “Where have you laid him?” They said to Him, “Lord, come and see.”
35 Jesus wept.
36 So the Jews were saying, “See how He loved him!”
37 But some of them said, “Could not this man, who opened the eyes of the blind man, have kept this man also from dying?”
38 So Jesus, again being deeply moved within, came to the tomb. Now it was a cave, and a stone was lying against it. (John 11:28–38, LSB)

41 So they removed the stone. Then Jesus raised His eyes, and said, “Father, I thank You that You have heard Me.
42 “And I knew that You always hear Me; but because of the crowd •standing around I said this, so that they may believe that You sent Me.”
43 And when He had said these things, He cried out with a loud voice, “Lazarus, come forth.”
44 The man who had died came forth, bound hand and foot with wrappings, and his face was wrapped around with a cloth. Jesus said to them, “Unbind him, and let him go.”
45 Therefore many of the Jews who came to Mary, and saw what He had done, believed in Him.
46 But some of them went to the Pharisees and told them the things which Jesus had done. (John 11:41–46, LSB)

47 Therefore the chief priests and the Pharisees gathered the Sanhedrin together, and were saying, “What are we doing? For this man is doing many signs.
48 “If we let Him go on like this, all will believe in Him, and the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation.” (John 11:47–48, LSB)

53 So from that day on they planned together to kill Him.
54 Therefore Jesus no longer continued to walk openly among the Jews, but went away from there to the region near the wilderness, into a city called Ephraim; and there He stayed with the disciples.
55 Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem from the region before the Passover to purify themselves.
56 So they were seeking Jesus, and were saying to one another as they stood in the temple, “What do you think? That He will not come to the feast at all?”
57 Now the chief priests and the Pharisees had given orders that if anyone knew where He was, he was to report it, so that they might seize Him. (John 11:53–57, LSB)

The Greeks who came to the feast were those who wanted to also see Christ.

The Lord had dramatically raised Lazarus from the dead.

Now, Jesus was a celebrity, famous, and the talk of the entire country.

And yet, there was the reality that if anyone knew where Christ was, they were to report it to the Jewish leaders in order that those leaders might put Him to death.

9 Then the large crowd from the Jews learned that He was there. And they came, not because of Jesus only, but that they might also see Lazarus, whom He raised from the dead.
10 But the chief priests planned to put Lazarus to death also;
11 because on account of him many of the Jews were going away and were believing in Jesus. (John 12:9–11, LSB)

12 On the next day the large crowd who had come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,
13 took the branches of the palm trees and went out to meet Him, and began to shout, “Hosanna! Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel.” (John 12:12–13, LSB)

17 So the crowd, who was with Him when He called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead, continued to bear witness about Him.
18 For this reason also the crowd went and met Him, because they heard that He had done this sign.
19 So the Pharisees said to one another, “You see that you are gaining nothing; look, the world has gone after Him.” (John 12:17–19, LSB)

Now, we can understand the tension surrounding the Lord’s presence at the Feast. It would be the last feast for the Lord, the fourth one in the record of the gospels.

It was the attendance, and death, at the Feast that would make Him the Passover Lamb of the New Covenant.

He came in order to die.

It was the decree of the Father that He would be put to death at the hands of the Jews and the Romans.

27 “Now My soul has become dismayed; and what shall I say, ‘Father, save Me from this hour’? But for this purpose I came to this hour.
28 “Father, glorify Your name.” Then a voice came from heaven: “I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again.” (John 12:27–28, LSB)

The Hour

And Jesus answered them, saying, “The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. (John 12:23, LSB)

This “hour” is the moment of time wherein all the connections are made in order to carry out the plan of the Father.

His “hour” had to be at a certain time when all the factors were in place.

And Jesus said to her, “Woman, what do I have to do with you? My hour has not yet come.” (John 2:4, LSB)

So Jesus said to them, “My time is not yet here, but your time is always here. (John 7:6, LSB)

So they were seeking to seize Him; yet no man laid his hand on Him, because His hour had not yet come. (John 7:30, LSB)

These words He spoke in the treasury, as He was teaching in the temple; and no one seized Him, because His hour had not yet come. (John 8:20, LSB)

It was not His hour the prior 3 years.

But, at this Passover, it was His hour.

13:1 Now before the Feast of the Passover, Jesus knowing that His hour had come that He would depart out of this world to the Father, having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the end. (John 13:1, LSB)

17:1 Jesus spoke these things; and lifting up His eyes to heaven, He said, “Father, the hour has come; glorify Your Son, that the Son may glorify You, (John 17:1, LSB)

The Jews, Israel, Rome, Pilate, the disciples, and the crowd.

The eternal plan comes down to, and issues from, this hour (and the subsequent resurrection from the dead).

The Illustration

“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit. (John 12:24, LSB)

And, as the leader that He is, He makes Himself the example to follow.

Agriculturally, the seed is planted and dissolves, and the chemical make-up of the seed with the soil, over time, breaks down, and God, from that reaction, makes plants.

The Example

25 “He who loves his life loses it, and he who hates his life in this world will keep it to life eternal.
26 “If anyone serves Me, he must follow Me; and where I am, there My servant will be also; if anyone serves Me, the Father will honor him. (John 12:25–26, LSB)

This call to follow Him, ie follow His example, is repeated in every gospel:

Matthew

24 “A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a slave above his master.
25 “It is enough for the disciple that he become like his teacher, and the slave like his master. If they have called the head of the house Beelzebul, how much more the members of his household! (Matthew 10:24–25, LSB)

38 “And he who does not take his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me.
39 “He who has found his life will lose it, and he who has lost his life for My sake will find it. (Matthew 10:38–39, LSB)

Mark

34 And He summoned the crowd with His disciples, and said to them, “If anyone wishes to come after Me, he must deny himself, and take up his cross and follow Me.
35 “For whoever wishes to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake and the gospel’s will save it.
36 “For what does it profit a man to gain the whole world, and forfeit his soul? (Mark 8:34–36, LSB)

Luke

23 And He was saying to them all, “If anyone wishes to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily and follow Me.
24 “For whoever wishes to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake, he is the one who will save it.
25 “For what is a man profited if he gains the whole world, and loses or forfeits himself? (Luke 9:23–25, LSB)

Conclusion

If we are to follow Jesus Christ, we are to carry a cross, our personal cross.

This calling is to live the new life that Jesus made possible by means of His death, burial, and resurrection from the dead.

It is a denial of ourselves in this world.

Consider:

3:1 Therefore, if you have been raised up with Christ, keep seeking the things above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God.
2 Set your mind on the things above, not on the things that are on earth.
3 For you died and your life has been hidden with Christ in God.
4 When Christ, who is our life, is manifested, then you also will be manifested with Him in glory. (Colossians 3:1–4, LSB)

7But whatever things were gain to me, those things I have counted as loss for the sake of Christ.
8 More than that, •I count all things to be loss because of the surpassing value of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them but rubbish so that I may gain Christ
9 and be found in Him, not having a righteousness of my own which is from the Law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God upon faith,
10 that I may know Him and the power of His resurrection and the fellowship of His sufferings, being conformed to His death,
11 in order that I may attain to the resurrection •from the dead.

12 Not that I have already obtained it or have already become perfect, but I press on so that I may lay hold of that for which also I was laid hold of by Christ Jesus.
13 Brothers, I do not consider myself as having laid hold of it yet, but one thing I do: •forgetting what lies behind and reaching forward to what lies ahead,
14 I press on toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus. (Philippians 3:7–14, LSB)

12:1 Therefore, •since we have so great a cloud of witnesses surrounding us, laying aside every weight and the sin which so easily entangles us, let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,
2 fixing our eyes on Jesus, the author and perfecter of faith, who for the joy set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.
3 For consider Him who has endured such hostility by sinners against Himself, so that you will not grow weary, fainting in heart. (Hebrews 12:1–3, LSB)
1. Anson F. Rainey and R. Steven Notley, The Sacred Bridge: Carta’s Atlas of the Biblical World, Second Emended & Enhanced Edition (Jerusalem, Israel: Carta Jerusalem, 2014), 357. ↩
2. Ibid, p. 357 ↩
3. Ibid, pp. 357-8 ↩
4. John 1:44 ↩
May 17, 2026
Now Concerning Spiritual Gifts-pt. 2
Scripture Reading

6For this is contained in Scripture:
“Behold, I lay in Zion a choice stone, a precious corner stone,
And he who believes upon Him will not be put to shame.”
7 This precious value, then, is for you who believe; but for those who disbelieve,
“The stone which the builders rejected,
This has become the chief corner stone,”
8 and,
“A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.”
They stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this stumbling they were also appointed.
9 But you are a chosen family, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light;
10 for you once were not a people, but now you are the people of God; you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
11 Beloved, I urge you as sojourners and exiles to abstain from fleshly lusts which wage war against the soul,
12 by keeping your conduct excellent among the Gentiles, so that in the thing which they slander you as evildoers, they may because of your good works, as they observe them, glorify God in the day of visitation. (1 Peter 2:6–12, LSB)

Introduction
Review:
- The Origin of Spiritual Gifts
- The Use of Spiritual Gifts
- The Abuse of Spiritual Gifts
The Origin of Spiritual Gifts

Remember, we looked last time at the origin of Spiritual Gifts.

We saw that the “gifts” are “manifestations of the Spirit” and are designed for the greater good (i.e. edification of the person into the likeness of Jesus Christ before the Father).

But to each one is given the manifestation of the Spirit for what is profitable. (1 Corinthians 12:7, LSB)

Manifestation of the Spirit

= New Covenant –

“I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will be careful to do My judgments. (Ezekiel 36:27, LSB)

The Holy Spirit internally to the believer (Jew and Gentile) is a work and purpose of the Father in order to enable His people, Israel, to keep their (Mosaic) covenant with YHWH.

The original intention of God is for the creation of a new heart and spirit within the individuals of the nation of Israel in order to enable them to keep the judgments and commandments of YHWH, their God.

However, their execution of the Messiah, and their unrepentant behavior did not allow for the Lord to give them a new heart.

Rather, because He could not repeat the sacrifice of the cross again, and because the New Covenant required a new sacrifice, one of better blood and flesh, He gave of His Spirit to the nations, the people producing the fruit of the Kingdom.

41Jesus said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures,
42‘The stone which the builders rejected,
This has become •the chief corner stone;
This came about from the Lord,
and it is marvelous in our eyes’?
43 “Therefore I say to you•, the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a nation, producing the fruit of it.
44 “And he who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces; but on whomever it falls, it will scatter him like dust.”
45 And when the chief priests and the Pharisees heard His parables, they understood that He was speaking about them. (Matthew 21:42–45, LSB)

It is this promise of the Kingdom to the nations that compelled the sending of the Holy Spirit to the church.

Remember:

The Holy Spirit

16 “And I will ask the Father, and He will give you another Advocate, that He may be with you forever;
17 the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it does not see Him or know Him. You know Him because He abides with you and will be in you. (John 14:16–17, LSB)

25 “These things I have spoken to you while abiding with you.
26 “But the Advocate, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in My name, He will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all that I said to you. (John 14:25–26, LSB)

5 “But now I am going to Him who sent Me; and none of you asks Me, ‘Where are You going?’
6 “But because I have said these things to you, sorrow has filled your heart.
7 “But I tell you the truth, it is to your advantage that I go away; for if I do not go away, the Advocate will not come to you; but if I go, I will send Him to you.
8 “And He, when He comes, will convict the world concerning sin and •righteousness and •judgment;
9 concerning sin, because •they do not believe in Me;
10 and concerning righteousness, because I go to the Father and you no longer see Me;
11 and concerning judgment, because the ruler of this world has been judged. (John 16:5–11, LSB)

It is this “sending” that allows for the work of Christ and His Kingdom to spread throughout the world.

Israel killed her Messiah.

If they had repented, they would have received the promise of Abraham and become the nation on top of the nations.

As it is, they reside in perpetual darkness, and they are under the curse of the Law of Moses (Deuteronomy 28).

Now, the church proclaims the Kingdom, and lives under the Lordship of Jesus Christ in order to accomplish the eternal purpose of God, the Father.

The Use of Spiritual Gifts

But to each one is given the manifestation of the Spirit for what is profitable. (1 Corinthians 12:7, LSB)

One who speaks in a tongue edifies himself; but one who prophesies edifies the church. (1 Corinthians 14:4, LSB)

But I wish that you all spoke in tongues, but even more that you would prophesy. And greater is one who prophesies than one who speaks in tongues, unless he translates, so that the church may receive edification. (1 Corinthians 14:5, LSB)

So also you, since you are zealous for spiritual gifts, seek to abound for the edification of the church. (1 Corinthians 14:12, LSB)

For you are giving thanks well enough, but the other person is not edified. (1 Corinthians 14:17, LSB)

26 What is the outcome then, brothers? When you assemble, each one has a psalm, has a teaching, has a revelation, has a tongue, has a translation. Let all things be done for edification. (1 Corinthians 14:26, LSB)

The use of Spiritual Gifts is consistent with the original intention of God in the New Covenant.

The New Covenant is for the transformation of a person into the likeness and image of Jesus Christ.

5Not that we are sufficient in ourselves to consider anything as coming from ourselves, but our sufficiency is from God,
6 who also made us sufficient as ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life. (2 Corinthians 3:5–6, LSB)

17 Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom.
18 But we all, with unveiled face, beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from glory to glory, just as from the Lord, the Spirit. (2 Corinthians 3:17–18, LSB)

The work of the New Covenant is, for the church, the work of the re-creation of the man into the very likeness and image of the Son.

In this way, the man becomes a son, and the woman becomes a daughter, of God…truly.

The person has a new heart, a new spirit, and will receive a new body.

All of this is to result in the creation of the person into the original purpose of God-sonship.

11But we do see Him who was made for a little while lower than the angels—Jesus, because of the suffering of death crowned with glory and honor, so that by the grace •of God He might taste death for everyone.
10 For it was fitting for Him, for whom are all things, and through whom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the author of their salvation through sufferings.
11 For both He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of One; for which reason He is not ashamed to call them brothers,
12 saying,
“I will recount Your name to My brothers,
In the midst of the assembly I will sing Your praise.”
13 And again,
“I will put My trust in Him.”
And again,
“Behold, I and the children whom God has given Me.”
14 Therefore, since the children share in flesh and blood, He Himself likewise also partook of the same, that through death He might render powerless him who had the power of death, that is, the devil,
15 and might free those who through fear of death were subject to slavery •all their lives.
16 For assuredly He does not give help to angels, but He gives help to the seed of Abraham.
17 Therefore, He had to be made like His brothers in all things, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.
18 For since He Himself was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is able to come to help those who are tempted. (Hebrews 2:9–18, LSB)

Paul’s most clear statement on this entire purpose and process of God is here:

28 And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to His purpose.
29 Because those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brothers;
30 and those whom He predestined•, He also called; and those whom He called•, He also justified; and those whom He justified•, He also glorified. (Romans 8:28–30, LSB)

Again, as we will see throughout this study, the use of the gifts is focused upon the mutual edification of each other in the body of Christ.

And, if I may, edification is not dependent upon the gifts.

Rather, the edification is most accomplished by mutual love.

This is the “more excellent way.”

But you earnestly desire the greater gifts.
And I will yet show you a more excellent way. (1 Corinthians 12:31, LSB)

If the church wants to reach its goal of likeness to Jesus Christ, it must live in love towards one another.

34 “A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another, even as I have loved you, that you also love one another.
35 “By this all will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another.” (John 13:34–35, LSB)

The Abuse of Spiritual Gifts

It is this failure that Paul is directly dealing with in this section.

The failure of the proper use of the Spiritual Gifts is not so much a squandering of those gifts, but it is also a failure to love.

This is Paul’s greatest concern.

It is the abuse of the gifts that Paul deals with in this section.

And the abuse is in the form of selfish expression of the gifts.

They abused:
- the gift of languages
- the gift of knowledge
- the gift of wisdom
- the gift of faith
- the gift of healing
- the gift of miracles
- the gift of prophecy
- etc…¹
In these abilities, all given as the manifestation of God, the Holy Spirit, they were able to use them in hateful, selfish, and self-absorbed ways.

This selfishness established itself in the church in that the “stronger” exalted himself above the weaker, the rich above the poor, the gifted above the ungifted, the free to sin above the more scrupulous.

Therefore, the need in the Corinthian church was not more teaching, but more repetition of teaching.

“…or do you not know…” = 6 x’s – 6:2,3,9,15,16,19,

Although Paul did teach more, it was upon the back of his previous extensive teaching while he was there for 18 months.

Example:

15If the foot says, “Because I am not a hand, I am not a part of the body,” it is not for this reason any the less a part of the body.
16 And if the ear says, “Because I am not an eye, I am not a part of the body,” it is not for this reason any the less a part of the body.
17 If the whole body were an eye, where would the hearing be? If the whole were hearing, where would the sense of smell be?
18 But now God has appointed the members, each one of them, in the body, just as He desired.
19 And if they were all one member, where would the body be?
20 But now •there are many members, but one body.
21 And the eye cannot say to the hand, “I have no need of you”; or again the head to the feet, “I have no need of you.”
22 On the contrary, how much more is it that the members of the body which seem to be weaker are necessary,
23 and those members of the body which we think as less honorable, on these we bestow more abundant honor, and our less presentable members become much more presentable,
24 whereas our more presentable members have no such need. But God has so composed the body, giving more abundant honor to that member which lacked,
25 so that there may be no division in the body, but that the members may have the same care for one another.
26 And if one member suffers, all the members suffer with it; if one member is honored, all the members rejoice with it. (1 Corinthians 12:15–26, LSB)

The divisions that occurred in the body in Corinth were all from one cause – pride.

Yet, the expression of that pride came out in many aspects of proper church life.

In this case, this pride led to the misuse of the abilities given by the Holy Spirit for the good of each other.

This pride divided the body into those who had gifts which were more visible to one another, and those which were not.

Therefore, as Paul has been saying throughout this letter, the church is being ravaged by disobedience to the Law of Love.

And, without saying it directly until now, the Corinthian’s self-love has become the metric by which to measure the effect of their life in Christ.

Paul’s Ongoing Teaching

12:1 Now concerning spiritual gifts, brothers, I do not want you to be ignorant.
2 You know that when you were pagans, you were being led astray to the mute idols, however you were led.
3 Therefore I make known to you that no one speaking by the Spirit of God says, “Jesus is accursed,” and no one can say, “Jesus is Lord,” except by the Holy Spirit. (1 Corinthians 12:1–3, LSB)

12:1 Περὶ δὲ τῶν πνευματικῶν, ἀδελφοί, οὐ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν.
2 Οἴδατε ὅτι ὅτε ἔθνη ἦτε πρὸς τὰ εἴδωλα τὰ ἄφωνα ὡς ἂν ἤγεσθε ἀπαγόμενοι.
3 διὸ γνωρίζω ὑμῖν ὅτι οὐδεὶς ἐν πνεύματι θεοῦ λαλῶν λέγει, Ἀνάθεμα Ἰησοῦς, καὶ οὐδεὶς δύναται εἰπεῖν, Κύριος Ἰησοῦς, εἰ μὴ ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ. (1 Corinthians 12:1–3, UBS5)

V.1 “Now concerning spiritual gifts, brothers, I do not want you to be ignorant.”

Paul admits that they were being ignorant of the proper use of Spiritual Gifts.

Their ignorance was resulting in the abuse of the gifts, and, ultimately, the abuse of the assembly of the church.

“…I do not want you to be ignorant…”

10:1 For I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud and all passed through the sea; (1 Corinthians 10:1, LSB)

8 For we do not want you to be unaware, brothers, of our affliction which came to us in Asia, that we were burdened excessively, beyond our strength, so that we despaired even to live. (2 Corinthians 1:8, LSB)

25 For I do not want you, brothers, to be uninformed of this mystery—so that you will not be wise in your own estimation—that a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in; (Romans 11:25, LSB)

“…ignorant…” = Unperceiving/confused/without mental process about…

ἀγνοέω, -ῶ, [in LXX for שׁגה‎, שׁגג‎, אשׁם, etc.;] 1. to be ignorant, not to know: absol., 1 Ti 1:13, He 5:2; c. acc., Ac 13:27; 17:23, Ro 10:3, 2 Co 2:11; ἐν οἷς, 2 Pe 2:12; seq. ὅτι, Ro 2:4; 6:3; 7:1, 1 Co 14:38; οὐ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, a Pauline phrase: c. acc., Ro 11:25; seq. ὑπέρ, 2 Co 1:8; περί, 1 Co 12:1, 1 Th 4:13; ὅτι, Ro 1:13, 1 Co 10:1 (for similar usage in π., v. MM, VGT, s.v.). Pass.: 1 Co 14:38, 2 Co 6:9, Ga 1:22. 2. not to understand: c. acc., Mk 9:32, Lk 9:45.†²

νοέω, -ῶ (< νοῦς), [in LXX chiefly for בּין, also for שׂכל hi., etc;] 1. to perceive with the mind, understand (for the phrase νοῶν κ. φρονῶν, in wills, v. MM, xvii): absol., Mt 16:9, Mk 8:17; c. acc., Eph 3:4, 1 Ti 1:7; c. dat. instr., τ. καρδίᾳ, Jo 12:40; pass., Ro 1:20; seq. ὅτι, Mt 15:17; 16:11, Mk 7:18; c. acc. et inf., He 11:3. 2. to think, consider: absol., Mt 24:15, Mk 13:14, Eph 3:20; c. acc. rei, 2 Ti 2:7 (cf. εὐ-, κατα-, μετα-, προ-, ὑπο-νοέω).†³

“…you know…” = to see/perceive with comprehension

οἶδα, (from same root as εἶδον, q.v.), [in LXX chiefly for ידע‎;] pf. with pres. meaning (plpf. as impf.; on irregular tense-forms, v. App.), to have seen or perceived, hence, to know, have knowledge of: c. acc. rei, Mt 25:13, Mk 10:19, Jo 10:4, Ro 7:7, al.; c. acc. pers., Mt 26:72, Jo 1:31, Ac 3:16, al.; τ. θεόν, 1 Th 4:5, Tit 1:16, al.; c. acc. et inf., Lk 4:41, al.; seq. ὅτι, Mt 9:6, Lk 20:21, Jo 3:2, Ro 2:2; 11:2, al.; seq. quaest. indir., Mt 26:70, Jo 9:21, Eph 1:18, al.; c. inf., to know how (cl.), Mt 7:11, Lk 11:13, Phl 4:12, 1 Th 4:4, al.; in unique sense of respect, appreciate: 1 Th 5:12 (but v. also ICC on 1 Th 4:4).⁴

“…I make known to you…” = to discover/know facts about and understand

γνωρίζω (< γιγνώσκω), [in LXX chiefly for ידע hi.;] 1. as most commonly in cl., to come to know, discover, know: Phl 1:22 (but cf. R, mg.). 2. to make known: c. acc., Ro 9:22, 23; c. acc. rei dat. pers., Lk 2:15, Jo 15:15; 17:26, Ac 2:28 (lxx), 1 Co 15:1, 2 Co 8:1, Ga 1:11, Eph 1:9; 6:19, 21, Col 4:7, 9, 2 Pe 1:16; c. dat., seq. ὅτι, 1 Co 12:3; seq. τί, Col 1:27; περί, Lk 2:17. Pass., Ac 7:13, Ro 16:26, Eph 3:3, 5, 10, Phl 4:6 (Cremer, 677; cf. ἀνα-, δια-γνωρίζω).†⁵

The various aspects of “know” here indicates an emphasis by Paul.

The “knowing” of something is to be preferred rather than the “experience” of something, or, for our day, the “belief” of something in our own opinion.

Paul calls these things to their minds.

He does not want them to be controlled by their ignorance.

Why not?

Does it matter?
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Illustration:
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26 “Brothers, sons of Abraham’s family, and those among you who fear God, to us the word of this salvation was sent.
27 “For those who live in Jerusalem, and their rulers, recognizing neither Him nor the utterances of the prophets which are read every Sabbath, fulfilled them by condemning Him.
28 “And though they found no ground for death, they asked Pilate that He be executed.
29 “And when they had finished all that was written concerning Him, they took Him down from the tree and laid Him in a tomb. (Acts 13:26–29, LSB)

It was due to their ignorance about the Christ, the prophets, and the Law (even though they knew them backwards and forwards) that lead them to fulfill these things by executing the Christ.

Ignorance, then, was the instrument that lead to their guilt.

It was by ignorance that they sinned so greatly.

Not knowing the Word of God can cause us to live lives that are absolutely wrong and sinful.

This ignorance can lead to all manner of mistakes, missed opportunities, and grave sins.

It is a lack of knowing the Word of God that can lead even those who teach it to be blind to what is happening around them (a lack of discernment).

Therefore, since the Corinthians were ignorant of the use of Spiritual Gifts, they were sure to abuse them.
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Therefore, if the Corinthians remain “ignorant” of the Spiritual Gifts, after all that Paul writes in these chapters, that man is willfully, purposefully, and gladly remaining ignorant. 
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That man, then, is “ignored” by God for his willful ignorance. 
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V.2 – “You know that when you were pagans, you were being led astray to the mute idols, however you were led.” (1 Corinthians 12:2, LSB)

“…led astray…” = ignorance that Paul is trying to correct.

The default condition of the “pagan” is ignorance.

17 Therefore this I say, and testify in the Lord, that you walk no longer just as the Gentiles also walk, in the futility of their mind,
18 being darkened in their mind, alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardness of their heart.
19 And they, having become callous, have given themselves over to sensuality for the practice of every kind of impurity with greediness. (Ephesians 4:17–19, LSB)

Being ignorant of God, His Person and His Word will lead to sin, and harm to our souls (and bodies).

Why not rather get informed, learn, and abide by what is being taught?

7 Do not be wise in your own eyes;
Fear Yahweh and turn away from evil.
8 It will be healing to your body
And refreshment to your bones. (Proverbs 3:7–8, LSB)

V.2b You know that when you were pagans, you were being led astray to the mute idols, however you were led. (1 Corinthians 12:2, LSB)

“…mute idols…”

= Paul’s point is that the ignorance of the Corinthians as pagans is not to be repeated with them as Christians.

These are idol statues which can not talk.

5“To whom would you liken Me
And make Me equal and compare Me,
That we would be alike?
6 “Those who lavish gold from the purse
And weigh silver on the scale,
They hire a goldsmith, and he makes it into a god;
They fall down, indeed they worship it.
7 “They carry it upon the shoulder and bear it;
They set it in its place, and it stands there.
It does not move from its place.
Though one may cry to it, it cannot answer;
It cannot save him from his distress.
8 “Remember this, and be assured;
Cause it to return to your heart, you transgressors.
9 “Remember the former things •long past,
For I am God, and there is no other;
I am God, and there is no one like Me, (Isaiah 46:5–9, LSB)

Paul had written about idols in chapter 8.

There, he said that the idols were nothing but mouthpieces for demons.

No, but I say that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God. And I do not want you to become sharers in demons. (1 Corinthians 10:20, LSB)

That is, the idols, themselves, don’t speak and the idol-maker is not god so as to make an object speak.

However, when people use idols, they are actually giving worship to demons, fallen angels, servants of Satan.

This activity is worthless, and is evil.

Yet, the nations do it with all the imagination they can muster.

2Why should the nations say,
“Where, now, is their God?”
3 But our God is in the heavens;
He does whatever He pleases.
4 Their idols are silver and gold,
The work of man’s hands.
5 They have mouths, but they do not speak;
They have eyes, but they do not see;
6 They have ears, but they do not hear;
They have noses, but they do not smell;
7 As for their hands, they do not feel;
As for their feet, they do not walk;
They do not make a sound with their throat.
8 Those who make them will become like them,
Everyone who trusts in them.
9 O Israel, trust in Yahweh;
He is their help and their shield. (Psalm 115:2–9, LSB)

“…however you were led…”

= this refers to the myriads of ways that people create other gods and goddesses which replace God to them.

The creativity of man to invent false gods is endless.

v.3 “Therefore I make known to you that no one speaking by the Spirit of God says, “Jesus is accursed,” and no one can say, “Jesus is Lord,” except by the Holy Spirit. (1 Corinthians 12:3, LSB)

“Therefore I make known to you..”

= next use of “know.”

γνωρίζω = γνωρίζω (< γιγνώσκω), [in LXX chiefly for ידע hi.;] 1. as most commonly in cl., to come to know, discover, know: Phl 1:22 (but cf. R, mg.). 2. to make known: c. acc., Ro 9:22, 23; c. acc. rei dat. pers., Lk 2:15, Jo 15:15; 17:26, Ac 2:28 (lxx), 1 Co 15:1, 2 Co 8:1, Ga 1:11, Eph 1:9; 6:19, 21, Col 4:7, 9, 2 Pe 1:16; c. dat., seq. ὅτι, 1 Co 12:3; seq. τί, Col 1:27; περί, Lk 2:17. Pass., Ac 7:13, Ro 16:26, Eph 3:3, 5, 10, Phl 4:6 (Cremer, 677; cf. ἀνα-, δια-γνωρίζω).†⁶

Paul is speaking to them in teaching fashion about the information that he needs them to know and understand.

This should cure their “ignorance.”

“no one speaking by the Spirit of God says, “Jesus is accursed…”

Paul makes know to them two statements:

1.The Holy Spirit leads no one to curse Jesus Christ.

2.The Holy Spirit always leads those He indwells to confess that Jesus Christ is Lord.

The first statement is meant to correct their ecstatic, pagan, syncretistic, behavior.

It appears that the Corinthians were involving their pagan worship practices into the life of the church in some way.

Their thinking and conduct as a church resembled the pagan shrines, and not God.

Paul deals with this, again, in inclusio fashion in the following section:

26 What is the outcome then, brothers? When you assemble, each one has a psalm, has a teaching, has a revelation, has a tongue, has a translation. Let all things be done for edification.:⁷:
27 If anyone speaks in a tongue, it should be by two or at the most three, and each in turn, and one must translate;
28 but if there is no translator, he must keep silent in the church, and let him speak to himself and to God.
29 And let two or three prophets speak, and let the others pass judgment.
30 But if a revelation is made to another who is seated, the first one must keep silent.
31 For you can all prophesy one by one, so that all may learn and all may be exhorted.
32 And the spirits of prophets are subject to prophets;
33 for God is not a God of confusion but of peace, as in all the churches of the saints.
34 The women are to keep silent in the churches, for they are not permitted to speak, but are to subject themselves, just as the Law also says.
35 But if they desire to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home, for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in church.
36 Was it from you that the word of God first went forth? Or has it arrived to you only?
37 If anyone thinks he is a prophet or spiritual, let him recognize that the things which I write to you are the Lord’s commandment.
38 But if anyone remains ignorant about this, he is ignored by God.
39 Therefore, my brothers, earnestly desire to prophesy, and do not forbid to speak in tongues.
40 But all things must be done properly and in an orderly manner. (1 Corinthians 14:26–40, LSB)
- What does it mean to say, “Jesus is accursed”?
  “accursed” = Ἀνάθεμα
  †ἀνάθεμα, -τος, τό (< ἀνατίθημι), Hellenistic for Attic ἀνάθημα (Bl., § 27, 2); 1. prop. = τὸ ἀνατιθεμένον, that which is laid by to be kept, a votive offering (as ἀνάθημα in 2 Mac 2:13, Lk 21:5—where LT read -θεμα, v. M, Pr., 46). 2. [As equiv. in LXX for חֵרֶם‎,] devoted, a thing devoted to God (v. Driver, De., 98 f., and cf. Le 27:28, 29), hence; (a) of the sentence pronounced (De 13:15), a curse: Ac 23:14; (b) of the object on which the curse is laid, accursed (De 7:26): Ro 9:3, 1 Co 12:3; 16:22, Ga 1:8, 9 (v. ICC on Ro.; Lft., Ga., ll.c.; Cremer, 547; Tr., Syn., § v; MM, VGT, s.v.).†⁸
  OT:
  25 “The graven images of their gods you are to burn with •fire; you shall not covet the silver or the gold that is on them, nor take it for yourselves, lest you be snared by it, for it is •an abomination to Yahweh your God.
  26 “And you shall not bring an abomination into your house and become devoted to destruction like it; you shall utterly detest it, and you shall utterly abhor it, for it is devoted to destruction. (Deuteronomy 7:25–26, LSB)
  NT:
  22 If anyone does not love the Lord, he is to be accursed. Maranatha. (1 Corinthians 16:22, LSB)
  8 But even if we, or an angel from heaven, should proclaim to you a gospel contrary to the gospel we have proclaimed to you, let him be accursed!
  9 As we have said before, so I say again now, if any man is proclaiming to you a gospel contrary to what you received, let him be accursed! (Galatians 1:8–9, LSB)
  “accursed” means to be dedicated, fixed, to be destroyed by God or man.
  
  Some in Corinth, true to their pagan ideals, were twisting the death of Christ into a punishment on Christ for something.
  They were attempting to say that Jesus was the object of God’s destruction.
  This would likely be an esoteric, higher-information, mystical ideal that only the initiated and elevated understand. ⁹
  It is possible that this outburst would be related to the eating of the Lord’s Supper in which people, at the meal, would get drunk and exercise a kind of Bachaean (“Dionysian”)response to Christ.
  “Roman culture alternately denounced and endorsed the characteristic rituals of Bacchant worshipers, which could include drunken behavior coupled with (gross immoral behavior) and violent outbursts in which animals were ripped apart by hand. Although such practices and rituals were meant to be performed in secrecy, the rituals of Dionysus-worshipers were well-known. Such disorderly conduct on the part of the Bacchants led the Roman Senate to place strict laws on the cult in 186 bc, an event known as the Bacchanalian affair and recorded by Livy (Lipka, Roman Gods, 112). Jews who abided by the Jewish law would have abhorred the rituals and practices of Dionysus. However, the development of a Graeco-Roman population within Israel led to the presence of Dionysus worship and mosaics depicting him in the Levant.”¹⁰
  The likelihood is that the people who were:
  - Getting drunk at the Lord’s Supper
  - Elevating their ideas of teachers over others
  - Introducing false doctrines such as rejecting the resurrection
  - Enticing believers into pagan temples and meat markets
  - Separating have’s and have-nots at the meeting of the church
  - Celebrating incest in the church
  - Refusing to exhibit church discipline
  These were also formerly and currently introducing pagan temples practices into the meeting of the church.
  They would take from Poseidon, Dionysius, Artemis/Diana, practices and put them into the practice of the church.
These people valued losing self-control and letting themselves go into whatever their drunken imagination would conjure up.

THIS is NOT the Holy Spirit!

4 Surely our griefs He Himself bore,

And our sorrows He carried•;

Yet we ourselves esteemed Him stricken,
Smitten of God, and afflicted.

5 But He was pierced through for our transgressions,

He was crushed for our iniquities;

The chastening for our peace fell upon Him,

And by His wounds we are healed.

6 All of us like •sheep have gone astray,

Each of us has turned to his own way;

But Yahweh has caused •the iniquity of us all

To fall on Him.

7 He was oppressed and He was afflicted,

Yet He did not open His mouth;

Like •a lamb that is led to •slaughter,

And like a sheep that is silent before its shearers,

So He did not open His mouth. (Isaiah 53:4–7, LSB)

No one can say “Jesus is Lord” except by the Holy Spirit

To exclaim this, is to demonstrate that that preacher is possessed by the Holy Spirit.

To say Jesus is Lord is to conclude that He is Master over all things and people.

“κύριος is the one who can dispose of something or someone, δεσπότης the one who owns something or someone. This shows how the terms both intersect and diverge. The more popular the speech, and the nearer the time of the NT, the more κύριος replaces δεσπότης.”¹¹

8 But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart”—that is, the word of faith which we are preaching,
9 that if you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved;
10 for with the heart a person believes, leading to righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, leading to salvation. (Romans 10:8–10, LSB)

Conclusion

The gifts of the Holy Spirit are not like the exercise of normal, human abilities of ecstatic behavior.
1. 1 Corinthians 12:7-11 ↩
2. G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 6. ↩
3. G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 303. ↩
4. Ibid, 311 ↩
5. G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 93–94. ↩
6. G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 93–94. ↩
7. “The verb “to come together,” a recurring term since 11:17, reminds that Paul’s focus is on the corporate gathering of the church for worship. The use of the term “each one” recalls earlier statements, such as the manifestation of the Spirit given “to each one” (12:7–11) and God placing “each” member in the body just as he pleased (12:18). Thus, just as Paul emphasized the “one” and the “many” in 12:12–27, there is the juxtaposition of the corporate “you” (plural) and “each one” (singular) in 14:26.”
  Mark Taylor, 1 Corinthians, ed. E. Ray Clendenen, vol. 28, The New American Commentary (Nashville, TN: B&H Publishing Group, 2014), 348. ↩
8. G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 29. ↩
9. “Fifty years later, those who denied that they were Christians were required to blaspheme Christ: this was the crucial test.”
  Archibald Robertson and Alfred Plummer, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the First Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians, International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 1911), 261. ↩
10. Tommas Pace, “Dionysus,” in The Lexham Bible Dictionary, ed. John D. Barry et al. (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2016). ↩
11. Werner Foerster and Gottfried Quell, “Κύριος, Κυρία, Κυριακός, Κυριότης, Κυριεύω, Κατακυριεύω,” in Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, ed. Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley, and Gerhard Friedrich (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–), 1045. ↩
May 10, 2026
The Lord’s Supper and the New Covenant – pt.7
Scripture Reading

13 Therefore, having girded your minds for action, being sober in spirit, fix your hope completely on the grace to be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ.
14 As obedient children, not being conformed to the former lusts which were yours in your ignorance,
15 but like the Holy One who called you, be holy yourselves also in all your conduct;
16 because it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.”
17 And if you address as Father the One who impartially judges according to each one’s work, conduct yourselves in fear during the time of your sojourn,
18 knowing that you were not redeemed with corruptible things like silver or gold from your futile conduct inherited from your forefathers,
19 but with precious blood, as of a lamb unblemished and spotless, the blood of Christ. (1 Peter 1:13–19, LSB)

Introduction

Review:

Paul wrote,

25 In the same way He took the cup also after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood; do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” (1 Corinthians 11:25, LSB)

The importance of the Lord’s last meal with His disciples is directly linked to the importance of the New Covenant.

As Paul wrote to the Corinthians, Jesus is “our Passover,” a statement of monumental importance.

“our” = the church, believers, Jews and Gentiles who believe in the Messiah.

Clean out the old leaven so that you may be a new lump, just as you are in fact unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, also was sacrificed. (1 Corinthians 5:7, LSB)

He is not the Passover Lamb of the Exodus.

His blood “speaks better than that of Abel,” and the Passover lamb of the Exodus.

22 But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels,
23 to the festal gathering and assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the Judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,
24 and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood, which speaks better than the blood of Abel. (Hebrews 12:22–24, LSB)

The blood of Christ, which is a reference to His death, which was a predetermined death “instead of” the death for the sins of the elect, accomplished more and was from a better Man than even that of Abel.

“…saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed and be raised up on the third day.” (Luke 9:22, LSB)

22“Men of Israel, listen to these words: Jesus the Nazarene, a man attested to you by God with miracles and wonders and signs which God did through Him in your midst, just as you yourselves know—
23 this Man, delivered over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you nailed to a cross by the hands of lawless men and put Him to death.
24 “But God raised Him up again, putting an end to the agony of death, since it was impossible for Him to be held in its power. (Acts 2:22–24, LSB)

What was the result of His death?

1. His death justified the sons of God.
1. 45“For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many.” (Mark 10:45, LSB)
  
  11 As a result of the anguish of His soul,
  He will see it and be satisfied;
  By His knowledge the Righteous One,
  My Servant, will justify the many,
  As He will bear their iniquities.
  12 Therefore, I will divide for Him a portion with the many,
  And He will divide the spoil with the strong;
  Because He poured out His soul to death,
  And was numbered with the transgressors;
  Yet He Himself bore the sin of many,
  And interceded for the transgressors. (Isaiah 53:11–12, LSB)
2. His death pleased the Father.
1. 16 “And I have other sheep, which are not from this fold; I must bring them also, and they will hear My voice; and they will become one flock with one shepherd.
  17 “For this reason the Father loves Me, because I lay down My life so that I may take it again.
  18 “No one takes it away from Me, but from Myself, I lay it down. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This commandment I received from My Father.” (John 10:16–18, LSB)
1. But Yahweh was pleased
  To crush Him, putting Him to grief;
  If You would place His soul as a guilt offering,
  He will see His seed,
  He will prolong His days,
  And the good pleasure of Yahweh will succeed in His hand. (Isaiah 53:10, LSB)
1. His death condemned Satan.
1. And I will put enmity
  Between you and the woman,
  And between your seed and her seed;
  He shall bruise you on the head,
  And you shall bruise him on the heel.” (Genesis 3:15, LSB)
  
  9 And the great dragon was thrown down, the serpent of old who is called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world. He was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.
  10 Then I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying,
  “Now the salvation, and the power, and the kingdom of our God and the authority of His Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, he who accuses them before our God day and night.
  11 “And they overcame him because of the blood of the Lamb and because of the word of their witness, and they did not love their life even to death. (Revelation 12:9–11, LSB)
1. His death confirmed the New Covenant.
1. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh,
  14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
  15 And for this reason He is the mediator of a new covenant, so that, since a death has taken place for the redemption of the trespasses that were committed under the first covenant, those who have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance. (Hebrews 9:13–15, LSB)
  
  10 We have an altar from which those who serve the tabernacle have no authority to eat.
  11 For the bodies of those animals whose blood is brought into the holy places by the high priest as an offering for sin, are burned outside the camp.
  12 Therefore Jesus also, that He might sanctify the people through His own blood, suffered outside the gate. (Hebrews 13:10–12, LSB)
1. His death was the means of the resurrection.
1. 3 For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures,
  4 and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, (1 Corinthians 15:3–4, LSB)
  
  20 Now the God of peace, who brought up from the dead the great Shepherd of the sheep through the blood of the eternal covenant, our Lord Jesus,
  21 equip you in every good thing to do His will, by doing in us what is pleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen. (Hebrews 13:20–21, LSB)
The hidden plan of God, although hinted at in the OT, was that the Lamb of God, the Son, would be put to death in a particular fashion (crucifixion), with a particular means (betrayal), and by particular parties (Jewish leaders).

7 In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our transgressions, according to the riches of His grace
8 which He caused to abound to us in all wisdom and insight,
9 making known to us the mystery of His will, according to His good pleasure which He purposed in Him
10 for an administration of the fullness of the times, that is, the summing up of all things in Christ, things in the heavens and things on the earth in Him. (Ephesians 1:7–10, LSB)

Therefore, the purpose of God was that the Son would pay the death penalty on behalf of men, such that He could rescue them from death, the penalty of Adam’s sin.

This leads us into the final consideration of the plan of God regarding the New Covenant:
1. The New Covenant is the very core of the gospel of Jesus Christ.
2. The New Covenant unites the OT and the NT.
3. The New Covenant clarifies who Israel is.
4. The New Covenant clarifies who the church is.

5. The New Covenant is the only covenant made with Israel which forgives sins.

6. Without the New Covenant, all the elect would remain in their sins.

The Incognito Ministry of the Messiah

And He earnestly warned them not to tell who He was. (Mark 3:12, LSB)
And He gave them orders not to tell anyone; but the more He was ordering them, the more widely they continued to proclaim it. (Mark 7:36, LSB)
And He gave them strict orders that no one should know about this, and He said that some food should be given to her to eat. (Mark 5:43, LSB)

The Lord established in His ministry the constant order to hold back from telling the people Who He was.

This meant that He was not wanting the people to know about Him as Messiah, but only that He would do the works of the Messiah letting people to draw the conclusions based upon that.

This was so that the true nature of the leadership of Israel would become evident, thus leading to the crucifixion, the necessary death of the New Covenant Lamb of God.

13 Now when Jesus came into the district of Caesarea Philippi, He was asking His disciples, saying, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?”
14 And they said, “Some say John the Baptist; and others, Elijah; but still others, Jeremiah, or one of the prophets.”
15 He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”
16 And Simon Peter answered and said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”
17 And Jesus answered and said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven.
18 “And I also say to you that you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of Hades will not overpower it.
19 “I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind on earth shall have been bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall have been loosed in heaven.”
20 Then He warned the disciples that they should tell no one that He was the Christ.
21 From that time Jesus began to show His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised up on the third day. (Matthew 16:13–21, LSB)
```
Have you ever wondered why Jesus would say this? 
```
It is because of the requirement that He would draw out the murderous hearts of the leadership, their jealousy, by His works, and drive them to the murder that would 1) seal their eternal damnation, and 2) secure the atoning sacrifice of the Lamb.

36 “But the witness I have is greater than the witness of John; for the works which the Father has given Me to finish—the very works that I do—bear witness about Me, that the Father has sent Me.
37 “And the Father who sent Me, He has borne witness about Me. You have neither heard His voice at any time nor seen His form.
38 “And you do not have His word abiding in you, for you do not believe Him whom He sent. (John 5:36–38, LSB)

This death, produced by the jealousy of the leadership of Israel as they witnessed His works, instead of snuffing out His influence, secured the atoning sacrifice for the sins of Israel and Gentiles…forever!

Therefore, His kingdom was secured by His death and resurrection, but not through the nation of Israel, although the Mosaic Law is the keep component in fulfilling that kingdom promise, which was communicated in the Abrahamic Promise.

His Kingdom, then, has been taken away from the nation of Israel, and given to the nations of the world!

The Parable:

33 “Listen to another parable. There was a landowner who planted a vineyard and put a wall around it and dug a wine press in it, and built a tower, and rented it out to vine-growers and went on a journey.
34 “Now when the harvest time approached, he sent his slaves to the vine-growers to receive his fruit.
35 “And the vine-growers took his slaves and beat one, and killed another, and stoned a third.
36 “Again he sent another group of slaves larger than the first; and they did the same thing to them.
37 “But afterward he sent his son to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’
38 “But when the vine-growers saw the son, they said among themselves, ‘This is the heir; come, let us kill him and seize his inheritance.’
39 “And they took him, and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.
40 “Therefore when the owner of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those vine-growers?”
41 They said to Him, “He will bring those wretches to a wretched end, and will rent out the vineyard to other vine-growers who will pay him the proceeds at the proper seasons.”
42 Jesus said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures,
‘The stone which the builders rejected,
This has become the chief corner stone;
This came about from the Lord,
and it is marvelous in our eyes’?
43 “Therefore I say to you, the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a nation, producing the fruit of it.
44 “And he who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces; but on whomever it falls, it will scatter him like dust.”
45 And when the chief priests and the Pharisees heard His parables, they understood that He was speaking about them.
46 And although they were seeking to seize Him, they feared the crowds, because they were regarding Him to be a prophet. (Matthew 21:33–46, LSB)

The Son came into the world, and the world did not receive Him-neither the Jews nor the Romans.

The end result was that the Son would be killed, and made to look like the enemy of the world.

This death, seeming to be the execution of a failed insurrectionist, in realty secured the atonement needed to accomplish the plan of God.

This death, as described for the last 6 weeks, has a vast array of accomplishments.

Not the least of which is the creation of a following known as the “church.”

The New Covenant clarifies who the church is.

It is this following that Jesus came to create.

17 And Jesus answered and said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven.

18 “And I also say to you that you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of Hades will not overpower it. (Matthew 16:17–18, LSB)

The church is a group of people, chosen before the foundation of the world, who will inherit the promise to the Son, i.e. sonship.

The means by which these people will become sons and daughters is the sacrifice of the Man, Christ Jesus, satisfying the Father, and permitting their own justification.

This group, then, is different from Israel in that, unlike Israel, it has received the benefits of the New Covenant.

Israel has not received the promises of the New Covenant because they have not confessed their sins, as John the Baptist, and Jesus Christ, commanded them to do.

Therefore, the New Covenant is experience of the church, and not Israel.

13 and are not like Moses, who used to put a veil over his face so that the sons of Israel would not look intently at the consequence of what was being brought to an end.
14 But their minds were hardened; for until this very day at the reading of the old covenant the same veil remains unlifted, because it is brought to an end in Christ.
15 But to this day whenever Moses is read, a veil lies over their heart,
16 but whenever a person turns to the Lord, the veil is taken away. (2 Corinthians 3:13–16, LSB)

One of the clearest distinctions, if not the most clear, between the church and Israel is that the church has received the benefits of the New Covenant, and Israel has not.

It is really that simple; that basic.

The New Covenant is the only covenant made with Israel which forgives sins.

33 “But this is the covenant which I will cut with the house of Israel after those days,” declares Yahweh: “I will put My law within them, and on their heart I will write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people.
34 “And they will not teach again, each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, ‘Know Yahweh,’ for they will all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them,” declares Yahweh, “for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.” (Jeremiah 31:33–34, LSB)

The previous covenants with Israel (Abrahamic, Priestly, Mosaic, Davidic) do nothing to take away sins.

8 The Holy Spirit is indicating this, that the way into the holy places has not yet been manifested while that first part of the tabernacle is still standing,
9 which is a symbol for the present time. Accordingly both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make the worshiper perfect in conscience,
10 since they relate only to food and drink and various washings, requirements for the body imposed until a time of reformation. (Hebrews 9:8–10, LSB)

Sin is the symptom of a spiritually dead person.

In order to make a worshipper clean, he must become perfect in conscience, and in order to do that, he must become new since he is dead to God.

This power to re-create the dead person is simply the work of God to join a spiritually dead person to Jesus Christ in His death.

It is also the work of God to join the spiritually dead person to Jesus Christ in His resurrection.

This power is inherent to the New Covenant.
```
NOTE: Jeremiah 31 does not tell us HOW God is going to accomplish this work of 1) forgiveness of sins, 2) indwelling of the Holy Spirit, 3) making a new heart (Ezekiel 36). 
```
But, we now know that all these things are accomplished by the death of Jesus Christ.

6. Without the New Covenant, all the elect would remain in their sins.

As stated, there are no arrangements, with Israel nor anyone else, in which a person who is dead to God would be made alive to Him.

The only means by which God can accomplish His eternal purpose is by forgiveness of sins.

And the only means by which He can forgive sins is if someone die in the place of the sinner.

The Death of the Mediator

15 And for this reason He is the mediator of a new covenant, so that, since a death has taken place for the redemption of the trespasses that were committed under the first covenant, those who have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.
16 For where a covenant is, there must of necessity be the death of the one who made it. (Hebrews 9:15–16, LSB)

We learn that the requirements of the Old Covenant were that the agreement was made, and Israel failed to follow through.

That created a binding to the agreement from which Israel could not release herself.

Therefore, in order to realize the Abrahamic Covenant, sins had to be forgiven, but they could not be forgiven in a vacuum.

Rather, sins had to be forgiven of the guilty by means of the death of the innocent, and thereby the death of the guilty.

3 Or do you not know that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death?
4 Therefore we were buried with Him through baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life.
5 For if we have become united with Him in the likeness of His death, certainly we shall also be in the likeness of His resurrection,
6 knowing this, that our old man was crucified with Him, in order that our body of sin might be done away with, so that we would no longer be slaves to sin;
7 for he who has died has been justified from sin. (Romans 6:3–7, LSB)

THIS IS HOW WE HAVE BEEN JUSTIFIED-WE DIED, IN AND ALONG WITH, HIM!

“Christ’s death alone is the ground of our justification, and when we make that our own by faith we are united with Christ—united with him in his death, united with him in his burial, united with him in his rising again, united with him in life.”¹

Isaiah 53:11 (LSB)
```
     11 As a result of the anguish of His soul, 
     He will see it and be satisfied; 
     By His knowledge the Righteous One, 
     My Servant, will justify the many, 
     As He will bear their iniquities.
```
The Death of the Believer

Not only has the Passover Lamb died, but we, previously dead to God (in Adam), died in union with Him.

12 having been buried with Him in baptism, in which you were also raised up with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead.
13 And you being dead in your transgressions and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He made you alive with Him, having graciously forgiven us all our transgressions.² (Colossians 2:12–13, LSB)

The reality, when God made the promise of the New Covenant to Israel, all the while knowing that they would not repent, and all the while knowing what He would do, He then took those promises to Israel and have given them to the church, Gentiles.

Further, the mystery of the kingdom is that we are united with Him in His death, burial, and resurrection.

This is unique to the church, and is not what will happen to Israel in the future.

25 of which I was made a minister according to the stewardship from God given to me for you, so that I might fully carry out the preaching of the word of God,
26 that is, the mystery which has been hidden from the past ages and generations, but has now been manifested to His saints,
27 to whom God willed to make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory. (Colossians 1:25–27, LSB)

In no way does this destroy the need for Israel to repent.

In no way does this remove the land, kingdom, Abrahamic promise from Israel .

In no way does this remove the national condition of Israel in the future.

However, in this Messianic age, this Kingdom age, this Church Age, the promise to forgive sins, indwell men with the Spirit of God, give a new heart/spirit, are all promises given to the church due to Israel’s refusal to repent.

Without the New Covenant, all the elect would remain in their sins.
Ephesians 2:1–7 (LSB)
```
1 And you were dead in your transgressions and sins, 
2 in which you formerly walked according to the course of this world, according to the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit that is now working in the sons of disobedience, 
3 among whom we all also formerly conducted ourselves in the lusts of our flesh, doing the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, even as the rest. 
4 But God, being rich in mercy because of His great love with which He loved us, 
5 even when we were dead in our transgressions, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—
6 and raised us up with Him, and seated us with Him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, 
7 so that in the ages to come He might show the surpassing riches of His grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
```
“Even as the rest”

= the elect were just as dead to God as those who will never be saved.

The conclusion of this is that we were by nature children of wrath.

That is to say that we were destined for wrath just as the wicked are.

“When we were dead in our transgressions…”

= dead

Romans 5:12 (LSB)
```
12 Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned—
```
Summary

As you can see, the statement by the Lord that His blood was the “blood of the New Covenant” was a huge and vast statement spanning many different situations and conditions.

Here is the review of it all:
1. The Corinthians had degenerated their assembly to remember the Lord’s Last Supper to a scramble for privilege and priority.
  1. This completely contradicted the Lord’s example in washing the feet of the disciples.
    
    This also contradicted the cross, upon which the Lord shed His blood for a sacrifice.
  2. The disciples and the Lord met over the Passover meal in order to commemorate the Passover in Exodus.
    
    However, the Lord took liberties pertaining to washing, the Passover meal, the cup, and Himself.
    
    In doing so, He demonstrated that He is the Passover Lamb of God, not of the Exodus.
    
    His body and blood were to be commemorated by the disciples thereafter.
  3. The body of Jesus Christ was designed and created by the Father to bear the punishment of sins, although He, Himself, was sinless.
    
    His bodily death would establish that the Father’s plan to make sons and daughters of God has been accomplished.
    
    Since the children were spiritually dead, so the Son of God became a Man in order to rescue (“seek and save the lost” – Luke 19:10; cf Hebrews 2:9-14).
  4. The blood of Jesus Christ was “poured out”³ on behalf of the “many.”
    
    This blood was His life, His “soul.”
    
    This blood was from “our Passover,” the Passover of the New Covenant.
  5. Israel was called to the Kingdom of the Messiah, the Kingdom of Heaven, but they would not repent.
    
    The Kingdom was handed over to the nation producing the fruit of it, the Gentiles.
    
    They became the church, a collection of the elect who believe in Jesus Christ as Messiah.
  6. The nation of Israel will, one day, by the means of the New Covenant, keep their covenant, confessing their sins, and the sins of their fathers, and look at the One they pierced with incredible regret and repentance.
    
    This will usher in the Kingdom of God.
    
    This will also fulfill the promise to the Son.
  7. As a result, the church is the bearer of the New Covenant ministry of the Messiah by means of the gospel of Jesus Christ.
    
    When we preach Christ, and Him crucified, we are preaching the sacrifice of the Lamb for the New Covenant.
    
    Men and women can have their sins forgiven, be in dwelt with the Holy Spirit, and receive a new heart fit for likeness to Jesus Christ.
    
    These are the promises of the New Covenant.
Conclusion

The Lord Jesus Christ must not be minimized, neglected, nor misrepresented by the Corinthian’s sinful selfishness in their commemoration of the Lord’s Supper.

By their scramble for the chiefs seats in Titius’ home, the neglect of the poorer brethren, and the self-elevation based upon their favorite, idolized teachers, the Corinthians completely denied the Lord they professed.

15 To the pure, all things are pure, but to those who are defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure, but both their mind and their conscience are defiled.
16 They profess to know God, but by their works they deny Him, being detestable and disobedient and unfit for any good work. (Titus 1:15–16, LSB)

The contemporary church also does the Lord’s Supper in similar selfishness when she takes it with ignorance, selfish self-righteousness, and a general unwillingness to conduct themselves among the body with love and self-denial, as Jesus did in that upper room that night.
1. Leon Morris, The Epistle to the Romans, The Pillar New Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI; Leicester, England: W.B. Eerdmans; Inter-Varsity Press, 1988), 247. ↩
2. This is the New Covenant!! ↩
3. Psalm 2:6; cp. Isaiah 53:12 ↩
April 18, 2026
The Blood of the Lamb; The Body of the Lord
Scripture Reading

Hebrews 10:5–13 (LSB)
```
5 Therefore, when He comes into the world, He says, 
     “SACRIFICE AND OFFERING YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, 
     BUT A BODY YOU HAVE PREPARED FOR ME; 
     6 IN BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE TAKEN NO PLEASURE. 
     7 “THEN I SAID, ‘BEHOLD, I HAVE COME, 
     IN THE SCROLL OF THE BOOK IT IS WRITTEN OF ME, 
     TO DO YOUR WILL, O GOD.’” 
8 After saying above, “SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, NOR HAVE YOU TAKEN PLEASURE in them” (which are offered according to the Law), 
9 then He said, “BEHOLD, I HAVE COME TO DO YOUR WILL.” He takes away the first in order to establish the second. 
10 By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 
11 And every priest stands daily ministering and offering time after time the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins; 
12 but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, SAT DOWN AT THE RIGHT HAND OF GOD, 
13 waiting from that time UNTIL HIS ENEMIES ARE PUT AS A FOOTSTOOL FOR HIS FEET.
```
Introduction

1 Corinthians 5:7 (LSB)
7 Clean out the old leaven so that you may be a new lump, just as you are in fact unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, also was sacrificed.

It is without question that the Lord Jesus Christ died on a cross of Rome, by the demand of the Jews, and the mockery of the Romans.

It is further without questions that the Lord Jesus Christ died on a cross of Rome in the place of men, particular men.

However, how this death produced the relief to men, their salvation, is often unclear, forgotten, or simply overlooked for a more simple statement: “Jesus died on the cross for our sins.”

But, we cannot do that.

For us, the death of Jesus Christ is the clear purpose of God, motivated by His own glorious will, and purpose, and is to be remembered perpetually, until He comes back for us.

Because of the important nature of the death of Christ, as well as the importance of the Lord’s death itself as stated by Him during His last supper with His disciples, for the church to disregard, neglect, or misrepresent His death, is simply a sin without equal.

We cannot set His death aside, or eclipse it for anything in the church.

We must have a real accounting of it so that we might worship Him in spirit and truth.

What does this have to do with Resurrection Sunday?

The priority of the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead necessitates that He die.

And, the necessity of the presence of death in the world, which was the purpose of the Father in His eternal plan and yet He is not guilty of its presence, is the very tool which would accomplish the glorious redemption of His beloved.

Today, somewhat within our series on the Lord’s Supper and the New Covenant, we are going to give more attention to the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, what it was, how it fits into the plan of God, and how it resulted in the resurrection of the Lord from the dead.

The Blood of the Lamb

1 Corinthians 5:7 (LSB)
```
7 Clean out the old leaven so that you may be a new lump, just as you are in fact unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, also was sacrificed.
```
When we went through that text a few months ago,¹ we saw then that it is appropriate to worship God with holiness and without the hypocritical worship of hidden malice and wickedness.

However, within that text Paul wrote something that I don’t feel I gave the best attention to back then.

Paul comes back to this meal, somewhat, in his explanation of the Lord’s Supper, which was taken during the Passover.

The significance of this is without question one of the most important facts of the redemption of God in all of Scripture.

If we don’t understand these things, we can’t rightly “do this in remembrance of (Him).”

The Passover of Israel

Exodus 12:1–8 (LSB)
1 Now Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
2 “This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you.
3 “Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month they are each one to take a lamb for themselves, according to their fathers’ households, a lamb for each household.
4 ‘Now if the household is too small for a lamb, then he and his neighbor nearest to his house are to take one according to the number of persons in them; according to what each man should eat, you are to apportion the lamb.
5 ‘Your lamb shall be a male, without blemish, a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats.
6 ‘And you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall slaughter it at twilight.
7 ‘Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses in which they eat it.
8 ‘And they shall eat the flesh that night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.

The Lord’s commands to the nation of Israel were given in order to remember the delivery from Egypt, that stupendous and magnificent act of God’s power over the nations, and love for Israel in reference to Abraham.²

YHWH delivered the sons of Jacob from the mightiest nation on the planet at that time, Egypt.

This deliverance was, simultaneously, a deliverance of the sons of Abraham, and a judgment on the nation of Egypt.³

Each year, at the first month of their calendar, the children of Israel were to “reenact” that meal that they had that night,⁴ a meal which provided the blood that covered their lintels and doorposts, which, then, protected them from the angel of death.

Exodus 12:14 (LSB)
14 ‘Now this day will be a memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to Yahweh; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as a perpetual statute.

This was Israel’s Passover, the “Paschal Lamb.”
There are a few things to note here:
- the lamb was to be the best offering
  Exodus 12:5 (LSB)
```
5 ‘Your lamb shall be a male, without blemish, a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats.
```
- the leg bones of the lamb must not be broken
  Exodus 12:46 (LSB)
```
46 “It shall be eaten in a single house; you shall not bring forth any of the flesh outside of the house, and you shall not break any bone of it.
```
- the lamb was to be eaten “in haste.”
  Exodus 12:11 (LSB)
```
11 ‘Now you shall eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste—it is the Passover of Yahweh.
```
- the lamb was to be eaten at home, and not in the Temple.
Exodus 12:46 (LSB)
```
46 “It shall be eaten in a single house; you shall not bring forth any of the flesh outside of the house, and you shall not break any bone of it.
```
- the lamb was a demonstration of the obedience to the command of YHWH, which, when witnessed by the Angel of Death, he will “pass over” that household and not take the life of anyone in that household.
  Exodus 12:23 (LSB)
```
23 “And Yahweh will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and He will see the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, and Yahweh will pass over the doorway and will not allow the destroyer to come into your houses to smite you.
```
This lamb, eaten in the home, is to be recounted each year and this event was one of three main feasts in the nation each year (the first the three; Passover, Feast of Weeks, Feast of Booths⁵).

Testimony of Jesus Christ
Connections and similarities to Jesus Christ, our Passover, which testifies that He is the Lamb of God, God’s Lamb, whose blood covers the one who believes His Words.
– the Lamb was the most beloved by the Father.

Hebrews 9:13–14 (LSB)
```
13 For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh, 
14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
```
– the Lamb’s legs were not broken

John 19:30–37 (LSB)
```
30 Therefore when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, “It is finished!” And bowing His head, He gave up His spirit. 
31 Then the Jews, because it was the day of Preparation, so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a high day), asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. 
32 So the soldiers came, and broke the legs of the first man and of the other who was crucified with Him; 
33 but coming to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. 
34 But one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out. 
35 And he who has seen has borne witness, and his witness is true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe. 
36 For these things came to pass in order that the Scripture would be fulfilled, “NOT A BONE OF HIM SHALL BE BROKEN.” 
37 And again another Scripture says, “THEY SHALL LOOK ON HIM WHOM THEY PIERCED.”
```
– His flesh and blood were to be consumed, a reference to faith/belief

John 6:48 (LSB)
```
48 “I am the bread of life.
```
John 6:51 (LSB)
```
51 “I am the living bread that came down from heaven; if anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever; and also the bread which I will give for the life of the world is My flesh.”
```
– He was offered outside of the Temple

Hebrews 13:12–13 (LSB)
```
12 Therefore Jesus also, that He might sanctify the people through His own blood, suffered outside the gate. 
13 So, let us go out to Him outside the camp, bearing His reproach.
```
Jesus Christ, Himself, the Son ofGod, is “our Passover.”

And, like the Passover of Israel, our “Passover Lamb” is to be remembered as well.

And, like the Passover of Israel, our “Passover Lamb’s” death is to be proclaimed.
:But, what does that mean?!

The New Covenant

The animal of the Mosaic Covenant, was not the Passover Lamb.

The bulls, goats which were offered in the Temple, on the altar were other than the Passover Lamb for Israel.

The atonement those animals made for Israel were temporary, insufficient, and did not please the Father.

Those offerings were offered in obedience to the Mosaic structure, and never took away sins.

Further, the Passover Lamb was offered for a one-time, immediate death threat situation.

And, its annual offering was not for sins, but for a memorial of an event, a one-time event.

1 Corinthians 11:24–25 (LSB)
```
24 and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “This is My body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of Me.” 
25 In the same way He took the cup also after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood; do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.”
```
The New Covenant was inaugurated by the blood, death, of Jesus Christ when He died.

This New Covenant, the New Covenant made with Israel, but now extended to the Gentiles because of Israel’s execution of the Messiah and their unwillingness to believe in Him, has been secured because the blood of “our”Passover Lamb has covered us.

His death was an offering of sacrifice which gave sin no place to reside.

His death removed sins from those who are called.

Hebrews 10:10 (LSB)
```
10 By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
```
The Body Of The Lord

Hebrews 10:12–13 (LSB)
```
12 but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, SAT DOWN AT THE RIGHT HAND OF GOD, 
13 waiting from that time UNTIL HIS ENEMIES ARE PUT AS A FOOTSTOOL FOR HIS FEET.
```
After His offering, His body and His blood, as a Passover, as an offering of a superior kind, He was clearly received back to heaven, the glory which He had before the world began.

John 17:5 (LSB)
```
5 “Now, Father, glorify Me together with Yourself, with the glory which I had with You before the world was.
```
The Lord was received back into heaven by the Father in order that He would serve the Father as a priest in the Temple.

His service was a better service, allowed upon a better offering, and results in a better condition-the cleansing of sins.

His offering accomplished all of this.

But, it was His resurrection from the dead which demonstrated to the world, that what He did was received by the Father as good, acceptable, and sufficient.

As such, this resurrection is our message to the world, as a testimony of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.

We can, and must, therefore, call all men of every nation to repent and submit to Christ, to believe in Him-“eat His flesh; drink His blood.”

Acts 17:30–31 (LSB)
```
30 “Therefore having overlooked the times of ignorance, God is now commanding men that everyone everywhere should repent, 
31 because He has fixed a day in which He will judge the world in righteousness through a Man whom He determined, having furnished proof to all by raising Him from the dead.”
```
But, how does His resurrection from the dead prove the acceptability of His sacrifice?
Romans 1:1–4 (LSB)
```
1 Paul, a slave of Christ Jesus, called as an apostle, having been set apart for the gospel of God, 
2 which He promised beforehand through His prophets in the holy Scriptures, 
3 concerning His Son, who was born of the seed of David according to the flesh, 
4 who was designated as the Son of God in power, according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,
```
“The Son of God”

= Psalm 2 reference.

Psalm 2:6–7 (LSB)
```
6 “But as for Me, I have installed My King 
     Upon Zion, My holy mountain.” 

7 “I will surely tell of the decree of Yahweh: 
     He said to Me, ‘You are My Son, 
     Today I have begotten You.
```
In the Old Testament, the Messiah would be known as the “Son of God.”

2 Samuel 7:12–14 (LSB)
```
12 “When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up one of your seed after you, who will come forth from your own body, and I will establish his kingdom. 
13 “He shall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. 
14 “I will be a father to him and he will be a son to Me; when he commits iniquity, I will reprove him with the rod of men and the strikes from the sons of men,
```
The Messiah was spoken of in the OT as a Son.

The Father referred to Jesus as a “Son”:

Luke 1:35 (LSB)
```
35 The angel answered and said to her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; and for that reason the holy Child shall be called the Son of God.
```
Matthew 3:16–17 (LSB)
```
16 And after being baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming upon Him, 
17 and behold, there was a voice out of the heavens saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well-pleased.”
```
Matthew 17:5–6 (LSB)
```
5 While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them, and behold, a voice out of the cloud said, “This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well-pleased; listen to Him!” 
6 And when the disciples heard this, they fell on their faces and were terrified.
```
His Sonship was the point of confirmation of Satan as well.

Matthew 4:1–7 (LSB)
```
1 Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. 
2 And after He had fasted forty days and forty nights, He then became hungry. 
3 And the tempter came and said to Him, “If You are the Son of God, command that these stones become bread.” 
4 But He answered and said, “It is written, ‘MAN SHALL NOT LIVE ON BREAD ALONE, BUT ON EVERY WORD THAT PROCEEDS OUT OF THE MOUTH OF GOD.’” 
5 Then the devil took Him into the holy city and had Him stand on the pinnacle of the temple, 
6 and said to Him, “If You are the Son of God, throw Yourself down; for it is written, 
     ‘HE WILL COMMAND HIS ANGELS CONCERNING YOU’; 
and 
     ‘ON their HANDS THEY WILL BEAR YOU UP, 
     LEST YOU STRIKE YOUR FOOT AGAINST A STONE.’” 
7 Jesus said to him, “Again, it is written, ‘YOU SHALL NOT PUT THE LORD YOUR GOD TO THE TEST.’”
```
The point is that only the Son was to be raised from the dead, bodily, in order to demonstrate His Sonship, and the perfection of His sacrifice.

His resurrection, therefore, demonstrates that He is, indeed, the Son of God.

And, if He is the Son of God, then He is the heir of the world:

Hebrews 1:1–2 (LSB)
```
1 God, having spoken long ago to the fathers in the prophets in many portions and in many ways, 
2 in these last days spoke to us in His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds,
```
Psalm 2:7 (LSB)
```
7 “I will surely tell of the decree of Yahweh: 
     He said to Me, ‘You are My Son, 
     Today I have begotten You.
```
“Begotten” = bodily resurrection

It is the pinnacle of God’s eternal plan.

Without the bodily resurrection, there would be no reception of the inheritance.

Without the bodily resurrection, we would not be raised from the dead, and have new bodies, and be like Jesus Christ.

The bodily resurrection of Jesus Christ is absolutely vital to the purpose of God.

Conclusion

We praise God for His Son’s sacrifice-His body and blood for our eternal life.

We praise God for His Son’s resurrection-a new body fit for His glory.

Revelation 1:12–18 (LSB)
```
12 Then I turned to see the voice that was speaking with me. And having turned I saw seven golden lampstands; 
13 and in the middle of the lampstands I saw one like a son of man, clothed in a robe reaching to the feet, and girded across His chest with a golden sash. 
14 And His head and His hair were white like white wool, like snow; and His eyes were like a flame of fire. 
15 His feet were like burnished bronze, when it has been made to glow in a furnace, and His voice was like the sound of many waters, 
16 and having in His right hand seven stars, and a sharp two-edged sword which comes out of His mouth, and His face was like the sun shining in its power. 
17 And when I saw Him, I fell at His feet like a dead man. And He placed His right hand on me, saying, “Do not fear; I am the first and the last, 
18 and the living One; and I was dead, and behold, I am alive forever and ever, and I have the keys of death and of Hades.
```
1. I started 1 Corinthians on September 24, 2023. I preached 1 Corinthians 5:7 on 12/9/2024 ↩
2. Genesis 15:12–16 (LSB)
  12Now it happened that when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and behold, terror and great darkness fell upon him.
  13Then God said to Abram, “Know for certain that your seed will be sojourners in a land that is not theirs, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.
  14“But I will also judge the nation to whom they are enslaved, and afterward they will come out with many possessions.
  15“As for you, you shall go to your fathers in peace; you will be buried at a good old age.
  16“Then in the fourth generation they will return here, for the iniquity of the Amorite is not yet complete.” ↩
3. Genesis 15:14 (LSB)
  14“But I will also judge the nation to whom they are enslaved, and afterward they will come out with many possessions. ↩
4. Exodus 12:11 (LSB)
  11‘Now you shall eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste—it is the Passover of Yahweh. ↩
5. Deuteronomy 16:16 (LSB)
  16 “Three times in a year all your males shall appear before Yahweh your God in the place which He chooses, at the Feast of Unleavened Bread and at the Feast of Weeks and at the Feast of Booths, and they shall not appear before Yahweh empty-handed. ↩
April 15, 2026
The Replacement of Israel
Yesterday, I watched a video of Kirk Cameron attempting to explain his take on Genesis 12:1-3, especially as it regards the contemporary allegiance to the nation of Israel (see here). Cameron played a clip from a discussion between Ted Cruz and Tucker Carlson in which Senator Cruz quoted (loosely) Genesis 12:1-3, mostly v.3. Kirk Cameron went on to attempt to clarify the passage that Senator Cruz quoted, stating that the meaning Cruz assigned to that passage was not accurate. The net result of Cameron’s thinking is that the modern state of Israel is not the Israel of Genesis 12:1-3 because Genesis 12:1-3 does not refer to Israel, but only to Abraham.

Although his take is a unique one, the underlying premise is not. As Jesus might say, “You err not knowing the Scriptures, nor the power of God.” The Scriptures explain clearly what is meant in Genesis 12:1-3, the Kingdom of Israel, and the postponement of the Kingdom. Although the confusion shrouds the clarity of the Scripture, the clarity is there nonetheless.

Genesis 12:1-3

12:1 And Yahweh said to Abram,

“Go forth from your land,

And from your kin

And from your father’s house,

To the land which I will show you;

2 And I will make you a great nation,

And I will bless you,

And make your name great;

And so you shall be a blessing;

3 And I will bless those who bless you,

And the one who curses you I will curse.

And in you all the families of the earth will be blessed.” (Genesis 12:1–3, LSB)

Due to the scope of this article, it is not possible to fully develop what this passage means in every detail. However, we can summarize it and refer to other passages that help develop its clear meaning.

In context, this text is on the heels of Genesis 1-11. That section of Scripture contains the creation, the fall, the flood, the Tower of Babel, and various other details leading up to the days of Abraham. But, it is to Abraham that God speaks in Genesis 12:1-3.

It is around 2000 B.C. Abraham has been called out of Ur, a bustling town in the Southern regions of modern day Iraq. He is currently en route to a land that he was told would be shown to him by YHWH. But, while in Haran, a few hundred miles north of the promised land, Abraham receives this promise. And, it is a promise, a promise from YHWH to Abraham.

The summary of the promise contains the following:
1. I will make you a great nation (v.2)
2. I will bless you (as a nation) (v.2)
3. I will bless and curse those who bless and curse you (as a nation) (v.3).
There are supporting elements to this passage. The supporting elements are as follows:
1. Abraham will go to a designated land (v.1).
2. Abraham’s name will be significant (v.2).
3. In Abraham, the other nations of the earth will be blessed (v.3).
The overall effect of what YHWH told Abraham is that Abraham, through his own biological progeny will become a great nation. And, through the work of YHWH, that nation will be supreme on the earth, and will bless other nations. Those who resist Abraham, and this promise from God, will be cursed. Those who bless Abraham, and this promise from God, will be blessed.

It is in the national constitution of the descendants of Abraham that YHWH will live in the land, give Abraham a great name, and will bless other nations.

Replacement, Fulfillment, Or??

Kirk Cameron’s take on the passage was that the name “Israel” does not appear in the above passage, the same passage Senator Cruz roughly quoted. It is Abraham’s name that is mentioned. And, since those in the church are called Abraham’s sons (Galatians 3:6-7), whether Jews or Greeks, and since not all biological Israel believes in Christ, then Genesis 12:1-3 cannot refer to Israel, but to believing Jews (individually), and the church.

The assumption, and outright statement, of Cameron is that the church was always in view, and the nation of Israel, to which he refers as a political entity, is not. In effect, Israel is done for, and will not be the source of blessing, or cursing, for other nations depending upon how they treat Israel.

The Problem

The problem with Cameron’s view is that he has already made some assumptions that he uses as tools of interpretation.

The first assumption is that Israel only refers to those who believe in YHWH. Although it is true that only those biological Jews who believe in YHWH are truly Israel, the other side to that reality is that even those who were unbelieving were called “Israel” in Scripture (Romans 11:2,7 et al).

The second is that the reference to Abraham is limited to Abraham. It is true that God is speaking to Abraham. But what God said is that He will make Abraham a great nation. Abraham’s descendants are biological Jews, the Hebrews from Judea. It is this national fact to which YHWH refers when He told Abraham that He was going to bless the other nations. In other words, Abraham is the source of the nation in which the world will be blessed.

Third, equating the church with national Israel in that passage tips his hand as buying into a conclusion before the facts are determined. This is typical from the Reformed camp of Evangelicalism. The desire to be devotionally credible leads to sloppy exegesis.

Besides, Paul quotes and refers to this passage many times in his writings, and never does he equate this passage with the church. Rather, Paul says that the church is a group of many nations who are blessed through this promise through Abraham and his descendents. This promise to Abraham is the same promise that YHWH made to Christ as well (Galatians 3:16). But, as the context shows, the existence of the nation of Israel, which was formed by a common covenant and Law, does not negate the promise.

Conclusion

No. Israel is not the church, and the church is not Israel. It is true that those who are Jews biologically, and who believe in the Messiah, are sons of Abraham through and through since they reflect the faith of Abraham. But, a Gentile reflecting the faith of Abraham is not made a Jew, but is simply reflecting the faith of Abraham and that is as far Scripture allows us to take things.
September 17, 2025
Why Study Protology?
Protology is the study of “first things.” First things refers to whatever information we have in Scripture about things before creation, at creation, and immediately following creation.¹ Just as eschatology is the study of “last things,” things related to the end of time, protology is the study of things before, and at, the beginning of time.

As I mentioned in my last essay, there is an imbalance between the two. Much weight is put on eschatology, and rightly so, but almost none is put on protology. The result is a shot-in-the-dark approach to understanding why God created the world, and how that informs His purpose throughout time, and into eternity. That guess-work has produced some very shoddy theologies that cannot hold up under biblical scrutiny. The result of that is an unsanctified church that does not know her Father’s will.

My goal in this essay is to begin to explain in greater detail exactly what happened before creation which motivated the forming of creation itself. In doing that, we will also deal with God’s purpose, motives, and plan for all things. The Bible does give us that information. And the church is the steward of that information, a stewardship that is not being handled properly.

The Problems With Modern Theology

Dispensationalism has no real answer for the question, “What was God’s purpose for creating the world?” The most oft response is, “It was created for His glory.” This is a true statement, but the answer appears more of a catch-all phrase used when you really don’t know the answer. It is akin to the term “pan-millennialism” when asked about eschatology; “It will all pan out in the end.” Well, in reality, that is no answer.

Covenantalists believe there was a council, or series of councils, in which the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit worked out the plan and roles of creation and redemption by pact, or “covenant.” They claim that God covenanted the various aspects of which One of God would be the Redeemer, Regenerator, and the Initiator of redemption of sinners. It was decided by “pact,” or covenant in the eternal councils before time.

That is no answer either since the information for such a council, or councils, is scant. It is obvious that there was some kind of conversation within God that produced the existence of the world, and permitted the fall in order to manufacture redemption. These monumental things simply don’t happen by accident. However, their answer is no answer either since the ideals of a pact and the details imagined by Covenantalists simply don’t comport with the revelation of Scripture.

Some Dispensationalists even affirm such covenants as above simply by concession, and not by evidence. It is unfortunate that some Dispensationalists concede such ideals when they know very well that the fruit of such a system is not consistent with Scripture (i.e. infant baptism, replacement/fulfillment of Israel with the church, Amillennialism/Postmillennialism, etc). But, since they haven’t been able to discover the information necessary to understand what actually happened in God to motivate the creation of the world, and the activities of redemption, they simply set aside convictions against the covenants of Covenant Theology and move on to the debates of more sure footing.

However, this is not necessary. It is not necessary for Dispensationalists to hand over what is arguably the most critical and fundamental aspect of theology, the study of first things, simply for concession. As one who has for at least 30 years grappled with the doctrines, problems, successes, and failures of Dispensationalism and Covenant Theology, I can tell you that we have a definitive piece of revelation in Scripture, a theological “smoking gun” if you will, that fills in the ethereal “all things are for the glory of God” statement with data. These data, which I will produce in this series, is enough to rewrite, and revise, a proper and true theology that is consistent with Scripture throughout. For that I am excited! I am excited because this means that more questions can be answered, greater clarity can be had, Truth can be more definitively understood, and God’s plan, being understood in greater detail, can give Him the due glory in greater measure.

Before “In the Beginning”

Ge 1:1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. (Genesis 1:1, LSB)

At the beginning of the first day of the six days of the creation week, the seventh day being the creation of a day of rest since God rested from His creation work, God created the heavens and the earth. I believe that this is a statement of the creation of the dark matter in the cosmos and our planet before the land appeared out of water. The creation of the heavens and the earth started the creation clock ticking. Since that time, God has been working (John 5:17), working His purpose in history and time.

But, what is that purpose? What was the motivation for creating the heavens and the earth, and filling them with the stellar bodies, creatures, and ultimately the man and woman? Is there a motive that can be read and understood in the proper reading of Scripture?

Yes.

Foundation

Jesus gives us His Word concerning the creation of the man, Adam, and the subsequent fall of Adam by work of Satan. This is found in the parable section of Matthew 13. There, along with other parables meant to describe and explain the Kingdom of Heaven in light of its impending mystery form, Jesus tells us what happened in Genesis 1-3.

I am referring to the parable of the Tares and the Wheat (Matthew 13:24-30). That parable contains a detail that is unique to Tare and Wheat parable alone. The tense of the verb that Matthew records there is unique, and significant. Although the verb is repeated in all seven parables of Matthew 13, only in v.24 is the verb aorist passive indicative. Those three terms indicate for us a lot of information.

Aorist

A.T. Robertson wrote the definitive work on Koine Greek, the language of the New Testament (NT). When addressing the issues surrounding the aorist “tense,” he wrote:

“It is true that in the expression of past time in the indicative and with all the other moods, the aorist is the tense used as a matter of course, unless there was special reason for using some other tense.”²

However, the sense of past time action is not in the aorist tense. Aorist indicates “punctiliar” action, and can be further divided into tense, as it were, from a combination of the stem of the verb, the context, and the aorist vs. other tenses used. To get to the point, when the aorist tense is used, and it wants to describe an action in the past, which is the default mood to show that as per the above quote, we call it the “ingressive aorist.” That is, the aorist is describing the action, or state, of the verb as having begun in the past at some point in time.

Passive

When a verb is wanting to describe an action that happens to a subject, it is in the passive. If I hit a ball, that is active. I hit the ball. However, it is a different matter if the ball hit me; I was hit by the ball. The second example is passive. The ball hit me, and it hurt.

The verb Jesus used in Matthew 13:24 is passive. The subject of the verb is the Kingdom of Heaven. The subject is acted upon by the verb, which, in this case, is a description of the subject, the Kingdom.

Indicative

In Greek grammar, this is called the “mood” of the verb. It tells us the kind of statement something is. It is the “mood” of the verb that is on display. Indicative mood tells us that the verb is a statement, a factual idea indicating a fact of something. There are other moods that describe other kinds of things and descriptions of the subject.

Summary

I took the time to look at some of the skeleton of the verse. I also took some liberties to explain things that most don’t readily see in the text, unless they know Greek. But, I did this in order to try and give some justification for what I am about to say, and to have opportunity for scrutiny from those who know Greek better than I do.

The summary of Jesus’ words in Matthew 13:24-30 is this:

“The Kingdom of Heaven was/began to be like…” The parable goes on to describe various aspects of the Kingdom of Heaven. Its original intention was for the sons of God to grow and thrive, like wheat plants in a field.

But, an enemy of the farmer planted weeds in the field of the wheat, forcing the farmer to wait until the harvest to separate them lest the wheat gets accidentally damaged, and the crop is ruined.

The metaphor is explained to the disciples, and us, that each component in the parable corresponds to an actual historical person, or object.

The sum of Jesus’ teaching is that the Son of Man created man to live on the earth with Him. The Devil came and introduced sons of his own. These two populate the earth from that point forward.

The Kingdom of Heaven, then, was the original creation as recorded in Genesis 1:1-2. The fall of Adam was the introduction of evil into the Kingdom, as recorded in Genesis 3. Currently, in the Kingdom, which refers to the creation of man and the earth (Psalm 2:8), there are sons of God (i.e. elect), and the sons of the devil (i.e. non-elect). The sons of God were determined by Father, and created for the Son, to exist forever in the Kingdom.³

Conclusion

To end this essay, we just need to see a few things. First, the Kingdom of God was the original design of God, recorded for us in Genesis 1-2. Next, God created the earth for the sons of God to live with Him forever.⁴ Finally, that design was corrupted by the enemy of God, Satan. His work caused God to take the life of Adam and Eve. Satan effectively ruled the world, the kingdom, from that point.⁵
1. On the basis of the inerrancy of Scripture, and the dubious character of extra-biblical accounts of creation (i.e. Enuma Elish), I reject all supposed creation accounts extant in the cultures of the Ancient Near East. ↩
2. A. T. Robertson, A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research (Logos Bible Software, 2006), 831. ↩
3. See Revelation 22:5 for some evidence that ruling, reigning, with God (v.3) was the original design of God since the eternal end result was just that. ↩
4. See Luke 3:38 ↩
5. Luke 4:6; cp. 1 John 5:19 ↩
September 15, 2025
These Are Tough Times

Charlie Kirk, a 31-year-old father of two young children, husband to a beautiful young wife, Erika, and unabashed proclaimer of the Gospel around the world, was shot in cold blood in front of thousands of adoring fans, and some enemies. The details are still pending, but at this time, the alleged killer has been caught, and the weapon has been secured.

However, there is more going on here than the details of one man’s assassination, and the throws of a nation’s sadness at this time.

Times and Seasons

Jesus spoke of our age often in His teaching recorded in the New Testament. Here are a few examples of what Jesus said about our days:

10 “And at that time many will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another.

11 “Many false prophets will arise and will deceive many.

12 “And because lawlessness is multiplied, most people’s love will grow cold.

13 “But the one who endures to the end, he will be saved. (Matthew 24:10–13, LSB)

9“But see to yourselves; for they will deliver you to the courts, and you will be beaten in the synagogues, and you will stand before governors and kings for My sake, as a witness to them.

10 “And the gospel must first be proclaimed to all the nations.

11 “And when they lead you away, delivering you up, do not worry beforehand about what you are to say, but say whatever is given to you in that hour; for it is not you who speak, but it is the Holy Spirit.

12 “And brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; and children will rise up against parents and have them put to death.

13 “And you will be hated by all because of My name, but the one who endures to the end, he will be saved. (Mark 13:9–13, LSB)

12“But before all these things, they will lay their hands on you and will persecute you, delivering you to the synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for My name’s sake.

13 “It will result in an opportunity for your testimony.

14 “So set in your hearts not to prepare beforehand to defend yourselves;

15 for I will give you a mouth and wisdom which none of your opponents will be able to resist or refute.

16 “But you will be betrayed even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends, and they will put some of you to death,

17 and you will be hated by all because of My name.

18 “Yet not a hair of your head will perish.

19 “By your perseverance you will gain your lives. (Luke 21:12–19, LSB)

I chose these passages in order to summarize Jesus’ teaching to the disciples concerning the time period from His own death, resurrection, and ascension, to His next coming. I have no intention of debating how I came to the eschatological conclusions I did in these passages. It is enough for now to see these selected passages as addressing the time between the ascension of Christ to His Second, Premillennial, coming.

Let’s cover this period a bit from these passages, and then look at some things Paul wrote as well. When we pull these teachings together, we get a complete picture of our age. In fact, we have the authority to tell people what is happening in the world even as it is happening. In other words, these passages give us discernment. And, when we have discernment, we have clarity, and with clarity comes courage.

Betrayal: The Tone of the Age

9 “Then they will deliver you to tribulation, and will kill you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name.

10 “And at that time many will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another. (Matthew 24:9–10, LSB)

9 “But see to yourselves; for they will deliver you to the courts, and you will be beaten in the synagogues, and you will stand before governors and kings for My sake, as a witness to them.

10 “And the gospel must first be proclaimed to all the nations. (Mark 13:9–10, LSB)

And, perhaps the most precise record of this age is found in the book of Luke. He wrote:

“But before all these things, they will lay their hands on you and will persecute you, delivering you to the synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for My name’s sake. (Luke 21:12, LSB)

The deliverance of which Matthew, Mark, and Luke record Jesus as speaking of is not the deliverance from something, but deliverance to something. It is a deliverance that is, in each record, going on to speak of being “betrayed” by those who were perceived as friends.

In each record, being “delivered” is the idea of “betrayal,” a handing over by a trusted friend. The condition of the age will be that of being betrayed by confidants, and ending up in the synagogues, courts, and even some kind of capital punishment. This betrayal will come in a variety of forms. Luke wrote,

“But you will be betrayed even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends, and they will put some of you to death, (Luke 21:16, LSB)

It is the reality that we, as the saints of God, have to come to grips with. Those who might be dearest to us, even within our families, are the same who would become the very ones who would willingly hand us over to legal punishment, even illegal execution.

The world is not done hating Jesus Christ. Whether the nation of Israel, or the Gentiles of every nation, the disdain for the Son of God is not completed. However, because they cannot reach into heaven and pull Him down, they must do what it takes to destroy those who follow Him.

False Christs: The Savior of the Age

But there is more to the age. During this time, the whole world will endure the self-professed messiahs who appear to rescue the world. Matthew, Mark, and Luke record:

“For many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will deceive many. (Matthew 24:5, LSB)

“Many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am He!’ and will mislead many. (Mark 13:6, LSB)

And He said, “See to it that you are not deceived; for many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am He,’ and, ‘The time is at hand.’ Do not go after them. (Luke 21:8, LSB)

According to Jesus Christ, the plan of God will progress with false Christ’s, betrayal, violence, and deception. This is a sad testament. However, it is a testament to the condition of the world under the influence and leadership of the Serpent, Satan, the Devil.

In the midst of this condition, however, Jesus gives us wonderful consolation. Again, in each case, He tells us that we will be preserved, even if handed over to death. We will not perish (Luke 21:18). That is, we will not suffer ultimate fate at the hands of God’s enemies. even in our death by betrayal, we will truly live! Endurance is the key. Endurance to preach the gospel, in spite of threats, deception, and pervasive error.

Paul’s Warning: Violent Times Are Coming

3:1 But know this, that in the last days difficult times will come. (2 Timothy 3:1, LSB)

Paul would know. Being left for dead, persecuted regularly, imprisoned numbers of times, and ultimately beheaded by Rome. This man knew persecution and violence. He wanted Timothy to understand the days ahead of him, days that would be characterized by trouble and hardship in the name of Christ.

The above mentioned verse is interesting because Paul told Timothy that “difficult” times will come. However, the Greek word that Paul used for “difficult” is best translated, “violent, dangerous.” It is the idea of imminent danger being the character of the people around Timothy. He gives a list of these people in the following verses, a list I won’t take the time to review.

However, notice the list begins with “self-love.” It is the quality of self-absorption, or self-infatuation. It is an aggressive defense of the priority of one’s self over, and against, the love of others. In a word, it is selfish, arrogant, entitlement.

What is even more amazing is that these qualities are likely what will characterize the church, the body of Christ since v. 5 indicates that these people will hold to a form of godliness, but will have denied its power. This is Christendom. This is the kingdom of God which is populated with tares that look like wheat, wolves that look like sheep, and the unrighteous who act righteous.

Coupling these things together, along with numerous other passages from letters in the NT like 2 Thessalonians and of course, the book of Revelation, we get a grim picture of the future.

Conclusion

In short, the plan of God, which culminates with the shattering of rulers, kings, nations, and peoples in the wrath of God (Psalm 2:9; cf. Revelation 19:15), has as its necessary component a mood of the age wherein the wrath of God is increasing (Romans 1:18), and will culminate in the seals, bowls, and trumpets of the Tribulation.

If we endure, and preach the gospel to every nation, we will enter into our rest with victory, reward, and peace.

September 13, 2025
An Overview of Time
There is a progress of time in God’s plan. The idea that time is like a child’s top and simply is set spinning and let go while it spins on its own, is not accurate regarding the movement of history.

Instead, history is a display of the purposes of God being accomplished among the affairs of men. They are all decided and determined beforehand by the only One who can do such a thing: the God of the Bible.

Like Peter wrote, it might be easy for people to assume that everything will continue as it has before (2 Peter 3:3-4). The promised coming is long distant, or not at all. However, like Peter wrote, what escapes our notice when we are tempted to think this way is that God has invaded time and the history of men before. He did it first with creation itself, when God initiated time. Then He did it with the flood. Then He did it with the Tower of Babel. And, He has invaded time and history hundreds of times since then in the existence of the nation of Israel.

It is also disregarded that the Son of God came as a Man, and was performing miracles every day of His ministry. And, in addition to all of this, the continued consistency with modern times and the predictions of the Bible are uncanny.¹

But, what is the beginning of it all? Do we know God’s purpose for all of His activity in the history of men and the world? Can we know what God is after? What is His ultimate purpose?

The answer to these questions is “Yes! Yes, we can know and we must know.” Not only is the information we need to determine God’s ultimate purpose in time and history available, but we are required, as the church, to know, and announce these things to the world. For the church to act like there is some kind of metaphysical barrier between God’s purpose and our history, is tantamount to being a protoloigcal agnostic. That is, it would be like assuming that God’s original design and purpose, even dealing with information about these things before time began, is simply unknowable.

However, the intentions of God, and as God Who is conducting which part of the plan, are available for our learning, our instruction, and our benefit, to the glory and praise of God alone.

33Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and unfathomable His ways!
34 For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who became His counselor?
35 Or who has first given to Him that it might be repaid to him?
36 For from Him and through Him and to Him are all things. To Him be the glory forever. Amen. (Romans 11:33–36, LSB)

In The Beginning Before The Beginning

As I asserted above, there is a tendency to be a protological agnostic in reference to the things regarding God first actions in time and history, as well as any information regarding His purpose as determined before time. “Protology” is the study of first things. It is the study of the origins, purpose(s), and first events before and in the history of the world. Of course, all of this is predicated upon what is recorded in the Bible. That is to say, our information of man’s history spanning as far back as around 3,500 BC in the written records, can only give us some data to correlate events and movements and key people in history. However, the interpretation and explanation for it all can only come from one infallible, and inerrant, source-the Bible. In order to rightly accumulate the data, and organize it in its right sequence, we need to research the Bible and have it tell us what our finds mean.

My intention in this short essay is to begin to explain what the Bible tells us, not of human history and its origins (although I will delve into that as necessary), but of whatever we can glean from the Bible about God’s intentions and purposes determined before time began as revealed to us in Scripture. In other words, I want to examine what we know about the eternity before, “In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth” (Genesis 1:1).

At the outset, it is important that the informed reader know that I do not believe in a hermeneutic that does injustice to the inerrant Word. I only employ an historical and grammatical approach to the Bible in its original languages. I do not have loyalties to an institution, a movement, or a creed. In fact, as every pastor should, my only loyalties are to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ Who is the Catalyst and Initiator of all things. He is also the Consummator of what He has determined to accomplish. I write with my eternal reward in view. That is, I write with a very real and strong sense of what I will have to say for myself that split-second I appear before God after I breathe my last breath. That very moment is the only time for which I live, and for which I write. Nothing else matters, least of all loyalty to a theological brand, or movement. Yet, there are some points in the history of doctrinal emphases that are important and helpful, and many that are not. I will intersect with them as necessary.

The Eternal Council Was Not A Council

7 “I will surely tell of the decree of Yahweh:
He said to Me, ‘You are My Son,
Today I have begotten You.
8 ‘Ask of Me, and I will surely give the nations as Your inheritance,
And the ends of the earth as Your possession.
9 ‘You shall break them with a rod of iron,
You shall shatter them like a potter’s vessel.’” (Psalm 2:7–9, LSB)

Psalm 2 is the key foundation to understanding Protology. Without a thoroughgoing understanding of this Psalm, as church history has shown, man is left to wander in a dark cave without light. The light source for me came on in 2010 when I was reading my Bible and “stumbled” across this Psalm. Its words opened to me like a flower and I began to notice that what David wrote here cannot be overlooked in regard to Protology.

The Psalm is a gateway into all of Scripture. It is a prophetic Psalm of David that is, obviously, inspired by the Holy Spirit (Acts 4:25-26). What is written there, as prophetic Scripture, is meant to tell us something beyond David, and that it does. The Psalm is a record of the wording and purpose of God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as it regards what Paul calls God’s “eternal purpose” (Ephesians 3:11). Peter, in Acts 4, agrees with Paul that Psalm 2 is the ground of all the revealed information needed to understand God’s “predetermined will.” Notice what he said, as recorded by Luke:

24 And when they heard this, they lifted their voices to God with one accord and said, “O Master, it is You who made the heaven and the earth and the sea, and all that is in them,
25 who by the Holy Spirit, through the mouth of our father David Your servant, said,
‘Why did the Gentiles rage,
And the peoples devise vain things?
26 ‘The kings of the earth took their stand,
And the rulers were gathered together
Against the lord and against His Christ.’
27 “For truly in this city there were gathered together against Your holy Servant Jesus, whom You anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel,
28 to do whatever Your hand and Your purpose predestined to occur. (Acts 4:24–28, LSB)

Peter and John understood that Psalm 2, as quoted here in portion, is a Psalm which refers to “whatever (God’s) hand and (God’s) purpose predestined to occur.” They understand the nature and extent of the Psalm as a record of what is predestined for them, and for all time. To Peter and John, Psalm 2 recorded what was fulfilled in their persecution for preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ. But, even more than that, they understood that David wrote by the Holy Spirit and of such a character that it was not about David. His writing was substantially about God’s predestined will.

Paul also helps us to understand something of this predestined will. He wrote to the church in Ephesus:²

11 In Him, we also have been made an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of Him who works all things according to the counsel of His will, (Ephesians 1:11, LSB)

Paul tells us that the church has been “made an inheritance,” and that established purpose of God was the result of the “predestined…purpose of Him who works all things according to the counsel of His will.” Paul instructs us that God did not have a “divine council” as some aver. Rather, the Father unilaterally predetermined what His purpose is and initiated it of His “good pleasure” (see Ephesians 1:5,9) and with the end result of “the praise of His glory” (Ephesians 1:6,12,14). It is, then, the unilateral will of the Father to have planned and commenced His purpose by His Son Jesus Christ. In the process of doing all of this, He has made us adopted sons, an inheritance, and is moving towards a summing up of everything in Christ (vv. 5, 10, 11).

Conclusion

As this will be an ongoing series, I will have to stop here and let this soak in for those who might read it.

Over the coming weeks, as the Lord wills, I plan to write down what the Bible has to say about the eternal purpose of the Father, a purpose revealed thoroughly in Psalm 2, and echoed throughout Scripture from Genesis 1 to Revelation 22.
1. I am referring to the words of Jesus primarily, that there would be wars, rumors of wars, increased lawlessness, and increased persecution of the church (Matthew 24:4-14). ↩
2. The earliest manuscripts do not include the word “Ephesus” in the prologue of our Ephesians. Therefore, many believe that Ephesians is the “epistle to the Laodiceans” of Colossians 4:12. ↩
September 9, 2025
The Span of Time

“You sound like what I heard growing up!”

That was a comment after church service Sunday. That sister in Christ, who is in her mid-fifties, her statement was in reference to my sermon in which I introduced what Scripture says concerning “ages.” She was referring to the things her dad taught her, what she heard in churches as a young girl, and the general mood of that day.

That statement really got me thinking. It occurred to me as well that the things I taught were something like what I used to hear in the early years of my walk with Christ. The distinctions of times, and ages, and Israel, and the church, all seemed to be regular fair.

But now, the mood has changed. The atmosphere of the teaching in mainstream Christianity seems to have shifted 1) to oppose the distinction of ages in history, or 2) to completely ignore and neglect those things altogether.

I believe that now, more than at any time, we need to explain that there are distinct ages, or dispensations, of time in the plan of God. These are distinctions that are designed by God based upon clear statements in the Scripture and not manufactured by man’s imagination. Once these things are cleared up, I believe the history of God’s eternal purpose in Christ becomes clearer than ever.

The Ends of the Ages

1 Corinthians 10:11 (LSB)

“11Now these things happened to them as an example, and they were written for our instruction, upon whom the ends of the ages have arrived.”

This is Paul’s warning to the Corinthian church about their penchant for craving “evil things” (v.6). Israel’s tendency was to pursue a course of misbehavior as it regards idolatry, sexual unrighteousness, and grumbling. The history of Israel is replete with examples of these sins. Paul’s indication is that the Corinthians were in the same boat, as it were, and they also craved evil things.

But, what is curious is the subtle, and then not-so-subtle, statements regarding the progress of time, and the condition of Israel, being inconclusive without the church. What I mean is, it seems that Paul is indicating that over the eons what happened to Israel was not simply factual history. It was all, indeed, events that were meant to benefit the church, a dispensation of time wherein men and women, slave and freemen, Jew and Gentile, would benefit from the New Covenant seemingly designed only for Israel (Jeremiah 31:31-33).

They Could Not Be Perfected Without Us

“because God had provided something better for us, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect.” (Hebrews 11:40, LSB)

This statement from Hebrews is very similar in emphasis in 1 Corinthians 10. The indication of the writer of Hebrews is that the fathers, Israel, the prophets, and the godly men and women of Hebrews 11 were not the end-all of God’s plan. The writer is identifying the reality that, in God’s wise intention, there would exist a future people, future to the people listed in Hebrews 11, who also would “be perfected.” The complete sanctification, which is idea of “perfection,” of a people including, but not limited to, Israel and the progenitors of Israel, was God’s intention (Hebrews 2:10).

This is wonderful news! It is incredible to think that in the plan and purpose of God, He would conceive of the concentration of His covenants and Temple, and His Law, upon one nation, with the intention all along to bring that nation to the point that they would abandon those things, and her God, for evil things such that God would then turn His (predetermined) eye beyond Israel and to the nations (Gentiles). The genius, the brilliance, and wonder, of it all demonstrates a level of purpose and plan and power far beyond the imagination. The purpose and plan of Yahweh to preconceive of this extensive ambition is magnificent. But, now consider, that the power that is required to move in the hearts and events of Israel in order to accomplish His purpose and plan is nothing short of absolutely divine and must cause us to bow in worship.

Having His purpose to determine that He would bring a people into an assembly completely apart from national identity, biology, and even apart from an external script of worship (i.e. a Temple and sacrifices), shows a quality of perfection that, apparently, could never have been possible in the worship economy of Israel.

Why? Why was it impossible to perfect a people before us? Because, we are the church. The church is a body gathered together from tribes, languages, nations, from around the globe and based solely on a single thread of commonality-we believe the Messiah has come in the flesh (1 John 4:2). This faith in Jesus of Nazareth is the only common thread of our existence that we have. Without it, there is no church. Without it, there is no salvation. And, without it, there is no “ends of the ages.”

Jesus Had To Come; Jesus Had To Die

When Paul wrote, “…upon whom the ends of the ages have arrived,” he was referencing the above fact, that the ages of time in human history have come to their climax. In other words, the whole point of God’s plan is now complete. The Messiah is the Son of God, and He arrived in the flesh of men (John 1:14), and He accomplished all the Father had given Him to accomplish while in the flesh (John 17:4). Now, the Father is able to fulfill His unfathomable plan in Christ. Nothing else is needed in order to do that.

Why did Jesus have to come in the flesh, though? Was there a specific reason in order to motivate such a plan? Was there some kind of purpose beyond time, and “eternal purpose”? Absolutely, there was! The coming of Messiah, the Son of God, was the hinge pin of His plan, the event that would accomplish the predetermined purpose of the Father. Once again, the writer of Hebrews teaches us what that purpose was.

”5 Therefore, when He comes into the world, He says,”

“Sacrifice and offering You have not desired,

But a body You have prepared for Me;

6 In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin You have taken no pleasure.

7 “Then I Said, ‘Behold, I have come,

In the scroll of the book it is written of Me,

To do Your will, O God.’” (Hebrews 10:5–7, LSB)

The entire sacrificial and offering ritual system, the dominant component of their Law (v.8), was given to Israel in order to cover their sins. However, it was clear that the system was not able to perfect the worshippers because 1) they kept sinning, 2) the atonement was temporary. And, remember, it is perfection that God is after for both Israel and those to come beyond Israel. The rituals of the Law, which were dependent upon the behavior of already-fallen man, simply did not accomplish perfection. It couldn’t. And yet, it was a system of worship that God Himself gave to Israel to perform, under penalty of death (Hebrews 2:2).

However, there needed to be something beyond the earthy and the temporary to accomplish the needed completion of the eternal atonement. After all, God did promise to the Son an inheritance. The Spirit told David about that conversation in eternity in Psalm 2:8

“‘Ask of Me, and I will surely give the nations as Your inheritance,

And the ends of the earth as Your possession.” (Psalm 2:8, LSB)

The record states that the Son was commanded to ask the Father for an inheritance to possess forever. The inheritance consisted of nations (“people”), and the entire earth. These things were the components of creation, destroyed by the fall of Adam. The people of the earth were subject to death (Hebrews 2:14-15; cf. Romans 5:12ff), and the earth was subject to a curse of “futility” (Romans 8:20). Both components of the Son’s inheritance were effectively destroyed.

How could they be recovered? What needed to happen in order to restore the plan for the Son? In a word, an atonement was needed. The recovery is called “redemption,” but the need was an atonement. Something had to cancel the death judgment in order to bring back the life that was lost. And THAT is why Christ died. His death satisfied the Father’s will. His obedience was not the obedience of the Mosaic Law, but the obedience of death of crucifixion.

It was His death on a Roman cross, condemned by the Jews apart from the Romans, that introduced the death of the Messiah into history. That action pleased the Father because through death Jesus Christ was able to absorb the death God pronounced upon Adam, and his progeny, such that death would be destroyed and life would then constitute the nature of the elect.

In so doing, Jesus Christ is now able to receive the kingdom promised to Him, and to us, from the foundation of the world (Matthew 25:34). In order for the Son to have many brethren, they would need to rule with Him since they would need to be like Him. This redemption gives to us the new nature, a new heart necessary to enter into that kingdom forever. Those whose heart has not been re-created by the Holy Spirit, based upon the death of Jesus Christ, will not, cannot, inherit the Kingdom of God. As Paul wrote, “flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God”(1 Corinthians 15:50). The corruption of the body is permanent. It cannot be improved upon. I can only be created all over again. Only God can do that, and He does in Jesus Christ (Ephesians 2:4-5).

Jesus Had To Be Raised

The death of Christ, really the entire suffering of Christ from the Garden of Gethsemane to the wooden stake between two thieves, completed the atonement that the Father witnessed and thereby “justified the many” (Isaiah 53:10-11).

The evidence that the atonement was satisfactory, propitiatory, is the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead. That resurrection establishes, once and for all time, the absolute completion of the Father’s plan to redeem the kingdom of the Son. His resurrection from the dead ended the “work” of Christ such that Jesus could say that He has accomplished the work the Father gave Him to do (John 17:4). It was by this work, the manifesting of the name of the Father upon the earth, and having drawn the men and women who were given to Him by the Father to Himself.

Once all of that which could be done in the flesh and only accomplished during the earthly ministry of the incarnate Son of God was essentially accomplished, then the Son could be raised from the dead and given life again, bodily, and return to heaven seated next to the Father. Death could not keep the eternal purpose of the Father from happening.

The resurrection of Jesus Christ is what the Old Testament calls being “begotten.” The term refers to being brought into life, usually by childbirth. However, in the case of the Messiah, it is a reference to His being brought into life by bodily resurrection from the dead. Again, Psalm 2 gives us the meaning:

“I will surely tell of the decree of Yahweh:

He said to Me, ‘You are My Son,

Today I have begotten You. (Psalm 2:7, LSB)

“Today I have begotten You” is a component of the Father’s plan to raise Jesus Christ from the dead in bodily form on a particular day (see Acts 13:33; Hebrews 1:5; 5:5). The third day, the very morning of that day, Jesus Christ was restored to His body, a newly created body that was not free of scars, but was free of death.

Thereby, being raised from the dead, He was then able to be received back into heaven once again. The magnanimous and rich and unfathomable work of the Father was completed! The Son is declared to be such with power (Romans 1:2-4), and will return again in power in order to receive His inheritance, and inheritance of love (John 3:35).

Conclusion

Now, post-resurrection, we are in the ends of the ages. The dispensations of time leading up to the cross of Christ, then emanating from that cross to our day, and on into the coming again of the Sun to physically take over His kingdom, a kingdom filled with lawlessness and lawless ones. The church of Jesus Christ awaits her Rapture. She anticipates that rescue out of the world in order to be saved from the wrath to come (Romans 5:9). But, for now, we live in the special time of post-Messiah, post-resurrection, which identifies this age as the end.

September 4, 2025
The Son of God
The Serpent

John 8:18 (LSB)

¹⁸“I am He who bears witness about Myself, and the Father who sent Me bears witness about Me.”

The Lord Jesus Christ needs the testimony of no man. His testimony, as demonstrated by His Words, His miracles, and His compassion, are all the testimonies of the Holy Spirit in Him.¹ His qualification as the Son of God is that He, in fact, is the Son of God. His exclusive claim to being the Messiah² coupled with the above-mentioned proofs demonstrate that His nature and Person is the eternal Son, the Messiah prophesied of in the Old Testament.

And, yet, few ever believed Him. He spent about three and a half years in the region of the land of Israel, walking up and down the land in order to proclaim the arrival of the Kingdom of God.³ The Kingdom had been invaded by sin and death ⁴ due to the deception of the Serpent in the Garden of Eden. That serpent, also known as Satan, planted weeds into the field of the world, a world which was created for the Son and His brethren.⁵ Having done that, leading the man into sin, death ensued, as Yahweh had promised, and death spread, being passed on to all men making them sinners.⁶ The effect of this condition, a new condition of the soul of the man and woman, is that all men are born dead to God ⁷, alienated from God, and enemies of God. The net result is that man and God are at war with each other. God is avenging His righteousness upon the world. This is known as “wrath”⁸. And, man, for his part, is assuming the posture of trying to kill God, or at least cut off His presence in the world ⁹.

The World

The result of this horrible situation is that, unless there might be a reconciliation, all men, even the elect, would be punished in the eternal Lake of Fire. That is the extent of God’s holiness and glory. And, if that should happen, God would not have accomplished His eternal purpose in Christ. But, this hypothetical is never a good way to express what God is doing since God cannot fail to accomplish His purpose.

The world, then, is the location of all that God is doing for the Son. The heavens initiate the purpose of God. But, the earth is the panorama of God’s perfect purpose. It is the glorious stage of God’s redemption, the wonderful and powerful expression of God’s love and honor for the Son, and the Son for the Father.

But, the world is also a stage for the work of the Devil, too. He is at work. His work is far from redemption. Jesus said, “He (The devil) was a murderer from the beginning…”¹⁰ The reference Jesus had in mind is clear from the phrase “the beginning.” It is a reference to the Garden of Eden and the work of the devil in that Garden. His intent, and his effect, was to murder the Son and Daughter of God, Adam and Eve. He did that, and by the hand of God, no less. What I mean to say is that Yahweh had warned Adam that if he should eat of the fruit of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, then God would take his life.

“Genesis 2:16–17 (LSB)

16 And Yahweh God commanded the man, saying, “From any tree of the garden you may surely eat;

17 but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat from it; for in the day that you eat from it you will surely die.”

In that moment, that fateful event, the devil wanted Adam dead. Diabolically, he used God’s own glorious nature, holy, singular, and righteous, to accomplish Adam’s death. This death, says the Apostle Paul, spread to all men through Adam’s sin, and so all men die. ¹¹ This death is the returning of the man back to dust, the dust from which he came. This would be the future of all the sons and daughters of God, if it were not for the redemption of Jesus Christ.

Redemption

The eternal plan of God, according to the record we have available to us in Psalm 2:6-8, runs as follows:

Psalm 2:6–8 (LSB)

6“But as for Me, I have installed My King Upon Zion, My holy mountain.”

7“I will surely tell of the decree of Yahweh: He said to Me, ‘You are My Son, Today I have begotten You.

8‘Ask of Me, and I will surely give the nations as Your inheritance, And the ends of the earth as Your possession.

There are auxiliary data to enhance, and support, the core of God’s eternal purpose, which our passage above records for us. But, this is the heart of it all. It is on the back of this transcription of that eternal conversation from the Father to the Son that all of God’s plan rests. It tells us everything and it is the spinal cord of the neural network of all of God’s revelation in Scripture. Without a proper understanding of this passage, we are left in the dark as to our understanding.

Redemption is the act of returning something back to its original owner upon payment of a ransom.¹² It is in essence the bondage of a person or a thing that is removed when a price is relinquished on that person’s behalf for their release. Although there are many examples of God redeeming nations and people in the Bible, a couple to represent the spectrum will suffice. He “redeemed” Israel from forced labor in Egypt in 1446 B.C.¹³ And, He also “redeemed” the church after the death of Christ.¹⁴ These events represent the power of God, to justly, and authoritatively rescue what rightly belongs to Himself from the death that Satan established upon them.¹⁵

The result of this rescue, then, is the salvation of the elect from death penalty, which we rightly deserve,¹⁶ back to the life that we are promised from the promise of Psalm 2:8a. The Son was promised to receive the nations, or “peoples,” and the earth. Those two categories are the summary parts of His “inheritance.” The Son, the Anointed,¹⁷ will be King from Mt. Zion, the same location as His death. He will rule and reign over the earth forever. When that earth comes, a new one,¹⁸ the curse will be removed, Satan will be judged in the Lake of Fire, and the lawless ministers of the devil will also be condemned forever.¹⁹

The accomplishment of all God’s eternal plan will be perfectly executed and experienced by Him, and ourselves, forever! What an unspeakable future we have!
1. See Isaiah 61:1-2; cp. Luke 4:18ff ↩
2. John 18:37 ↩
3. Matthew 4:17, 23 et al ↩
4. Genesis 3:1-5 ↩
5. Matthew 13:24-30, 36-43. ↩
6. Romans 5:12-19 ↩
7. Ephesians 4:18 ↩
8. Romans 1:18ff ↩
9. Psalm 2:1-3 ↩
10. John 8:44 ↩
11. Romans 5:12-18 ↩
12. λυτρόω, -ῶ (<λύτρον, q.v.), in LXX chiefly for פּדה, גּאל; to release on receipt of ransom; mid., to release by paying ransom, to redeem:
  G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922), 273. ↩
13. Exodus 6:6 ↩
14. Titus 2:14 ↩
15. Hebrews 2:9-14 ↩
16. Ephesians 2:1-3 ↩
17. Psalm 2:2 ↩
18. Revelation 21:1 ↩
19. Revelation 20:15 ↩
August 25, 2025